Hot spots of confusion: contested policies and competing carbon claims in the peatlands of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Galudra, G.; Noordwijk, Meine van; Suyanto, S.; Sardi, I.; Pradhan, U.; Catacutan, Delia

doi:10.1505/146554811798811380

Cited by 48 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This is the result of a lack of consistent national base map integrating cadaster information, land use, concessions applied for or granted, etc., in combination with sometimes opaque procedures involving a range of government agencies (Goldstein 2015;Galudra et al 2011Galudra et al , 2014Marlier et al 2015b). Indonesia has about 8 sectoral maps of government agencies that have the authority to make their own sectoral maps for their own purposes (e.g.…”

Section: Social Conflictsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a specific occasion, local people protested outside the Regency Forest Agency until they were granted a concession to plant oil palm inside a protected area (Galudra et al 2014). In Kalimantan, for instance, there are reports on conflicts between local communities who started to reclaim peatlands based on customary/tribal right, whereas the central and local governments used a different interpretation of the legality of different management regimes (Galudra et al 2011;Suwarno et al 2015). In Papua, conflicts on forestland utilization and concessions occurred due to overlapping regulations issued at the national level, provincial level, and district level leading to protests and human right violations against the local indigenous people (Hidayat et al 2014).…”

Section: Social Conflictsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards sustainable management of Indonesian tropical peatlands

Uda

Hein

Sumarga

2017

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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Large areas of Indonesian peatlands have been converted for agricultural and plantation forest purposes. This requires draining with associated CO 2 emissions and fire risks. In order to identify alternative management regimes for peatlands, it is important to understand the sustainability of different peatland uses as well as the economic benefits peatlands supply under different land uses. This study explores the key sustainability issues in Indonesian peatlands, the ecosystem services supplied by peatlands, and potential responses to promote more sustainable peatland use. A literature review and spatial analysis were conducted. Based on predominantly government data, we estimate the amount of Indonesian peatlands that has been converted between 2000 and 2014. We quantify increases in oil palm and plantation forest crop production in this period, and we analyse key sustainability issues, i.e. peat fires and smoke-haze, soil subsidence and flood risk, CO 2 emissions, loss of habitat (in protected areas), and social conflicts that influence sustainability of Indonesian peatlands management. Among others we show that CO 2 emissions from peatlands in Indonesia can be estimated at between 350 and 400 million ton CO 2 per year, and that encroachment of oil palm and plantation forestry (acacia, rubber) has taken place on 28% of protected areas. However, as we examine, the uncertainties involved are substantial. Based on our findings, we distil several implications for the management of the peatlands.

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Section: Social Conflictsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Social Conflictsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards sustainable management of Indonesian tropical peatlands

Uda

Hein

Sumarga

2017

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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“…The most important for our purposes was a divide between traditional and technical approaches, which tracks with a cross-scale divide. As REDD+ adds questions about rights to carbon to already contentious rights to forest use more generally, the layering of rules becomes increasingly complex (Galudra et al 2011). The qualitative sketch is presented here primarily to provide context for the model estimations and provide justification for the discursive frames selected as variables.…”

Section: Discursive Divides On Redd+mentioning

confidence: 99%

Discursive barriers and cross-scale forest governance in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Gallemore¹,

Dini²,

Prasti³

et al. 2014

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Students of social-ecological systems have emphasized the need for effective cross-scale governance. We theorized that discursive barriers, particularly between technical and traditional practices, can act as a barrier to cross-scale collaboration. We analyzed the effects of discursive divides on collaboration on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) policy development in Central Kalimantan, an Indonesian province on the island of Borneo selected in 2010 to pilot subnational REDD+ policy. We argue that the complexities of bridging local land management practices and technical approaches to greenhouse gas emissions reduction and carbon offsetting create barriers to cross-scale collaboration. We tested these hypotheses using an exponential random graph model of collaboration among 36 organizations active in REDD+ policy in the province. We found that discursive divides were associated with a decreased probability of collaboration between organizations and that organizations headquartered outside the province were less likely to collaborate with organizations headquartered in the province. We conclude that bridging discursive communities presents a chicken-and-egg problem for cross-scale governance of social-ecological systems. In precisely the situations where it is most important, when bridging transnational standards with local knowledge and land management practices, it is the most difficult.

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“…Furthermore, Cameroon needs to enact specific social safeguard policies and measures to support REDD+ . According to Lawlor et al (2010), this goes beyond benefit sharing, as it is often framed by scholars (Galudra et al, 2011;Hoang et al 2013;Larson, Barry, & Dahal, 2010), to avoid negative impacts on rural communities and thus promote their positive commitment to the overall effectiveness of the REDD+ programme.…”

Section: Analytical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutional dimensions of the developing REDD+ process in Cameroon

Ngendakumana¹,

Minang²,

Feudjio³

et al. 2014

Climate Policy

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The reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+ ) initiative has emerged in recent years as a mechanism to simultaneously address climate change, biodiversity, and poverty reduction challenges at the margins of tropical forests. Congo Basin countries, including Cameroon, have embraced the opportunities that REDD+ provides, with great expectations. Yet, it needs to be investigated whether the enabling institutional environment, which is required for implementing REDD+ , is present. Understanding is still limited on how to build adequate and strong institutional relations that could shape the reforms towards the establishment of efficient emissions reductions schemes. Furthermore, uncertainty remains on the operational mechanisms of REDD+ , suggesting that, to catalyse effectiveness, there is a need to come up with a governance model nested in relevant policy frameworks. This study builds on a modified '4Is' framework -Institutions, Interests, Ideas and Information -to analyse REDD+ and explore stakeholders' perceptions on the local forest governance potential. A structural implementation model to optimize the effectiveness of REDD+ is developed. Findings suggest that governments need to review existing policies to take into account participation, local people rights, and information access as a way to stimulate actors' willingness to contribute to emissions reductions and carbon stock increases under REDD+ regimes. Policy relevanceCurrently, there is no agreed framework for REDD+ in Cameroon, despite the potential role its humid forests could have to mitigate climate change at national and global levels. Furthermore, there are no initiatives that have fully mapped the boundary institutions to be engaged in REDD+ processes at the landscape level, although there is high commitment of various stakeholders to influence policies towards the implementation of the mechanism itself. For example, forestry companies, local communities, and conservation institutions would like to get involved. Findings indicate that there is potential for a cross-sectoral change and provide guidance as to how the uncertainties and risks, which may undermine the effective participation of stakeholders in the REDD+ processes at local and national levels, might be tackled. The schematic model and analytical frameworks suggested should prove very important to bridge various discourses among diverse actors. The end result is anticipated to be a governance structure for CO 2 emissions reductions through changes in land-use practices.

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Hot spots of confusion: contested policies and competing carbon claims in the peatlands of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Towards sustainable management of Indonesian tropical peatlands

Towards sustainable management of Indonesian tropical peatlands

Discursive barriers and cross-scale forest governance in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Institutional dimensions of the developing REDD+ process in Cameroon

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