“…After this treatment, the microstructure of the steels represents tempered martensite and ferritic grains with coarse carbides of M 23 C 6 type (M-Fe, Cr, Mn) and fine submicron particles of carbonitrides of MX type (M-V, Nb, Ta; X-C, N) [4][5][6][7][8]. It was shown [4][5][6][7][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] that various thermomechanical treatments, including those using plastic deformation in the austenitic region, make it possible to effectively change the above-mentioned parameters of the microstructure and the carbide subsystem of ferritic-martensitic steels. These changes mainly consist of a smaller width of martensitic packets and lamella, an increased dislocation density, a decreased size of coarse phases of the M 23 C 6 type and an increased dispersion of nanoscale carbides (carbonitrides) of the MX type [11,12,[15][16][17][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”