Hot Emission Model for Mobile Sources: Application to the Metropolitan Region of the City of Santiago, Chile

Corvalán, Roberto M.; Osses, Mauricio; Urrutia, Claudia

doi:10.1080/10473289.2002.10470774

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In Santiago, there exists a wealth of data regarding CO concentration in different places and times (Fernandez and Soto 2005;CONAMA 2004;Rubio et al 2008;Corvalan et al 2002) as well as a detailed inventory of their emissions from mobile and stationary sources (CONAMA 2007). The agreement between both sets of data have been extensively validated by model-based predictions in several cities (Kristensson et al 2004;Colberg et al 2005;John et al 1999;Hausberger et al 2003), but this type of validation is lacking in Santiago de Chile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide concentrations in Santiago de Chile associated with traffic emissions

Rubio

Fuenzalida

Salinas

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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CO/CO(2) ratios have been measured in different locations of Santiago de Chile city. Measurements were carried out in a tunnel (prevailing emissions from cars with catalytic converter) and close to heavy traffic streets. Concentrations measured along the city traffic tunnel or temporal profiles of concentrations measured near heavy traffic streets allow an estimation of CO/CO(2) ratios emitted from mobile sources. Values obtained range from 0.0045 +/- 0.0006 to 0.0100 +/- 0.0004 and depend on the prevailing type of mobile sources. In particular, lowest values were found close to a street with heavy traffic dominated by diesel-powered public transportation, while the highest values were found at the city tunnel. Places located near streets of mixed mobile sources (public buses and cars) showed intermediate values. Average CO/CO(2) ratios are compatible with emission factors proposed for Santiago's main mobile sources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide concentrations in Santiago de Chile associated with traffic emissions

Rubio

Fuenzalida

Salinas

et al. 2009

Environ Monit Assess

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“…where F * i,j,k is the vehicular flow at street link i for vehicle type j by age of use k. j defines the vehicular composition according to their type of use, type of fuel, size of engine and gross weight, based on definitions of Corvalán et al (2002). Q i is the traffic flow at street link i. V C i,j is the fraction of vehicles varying according to the type of vehicles j in the composition for street link i.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

VEIN v0.2.2: an R package for bottom-up Vehicular Emissions Inventories

Ibarra¹,

Ynoue²,

O'Sullivan

et al. 2017

Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss.

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Abstract.Emission inventories are the quantification of pollutants from different sources. They provide important information not only for climate and weather studies, but also for urban planning and environmental health protection. We developed an open source model (named VEIN v0.2.2) that provides high resolution vehicular emissions inventories for different fields of studies. We focused on vehicular sources at street and hourly levels due to the current lack of information about these sources, mainly 5 in developing countries. The type of emissions covered by VEIN are: exhaust (hot and cold) and evaporative considering the deterioration of the factors. VEIN also performs speciation and incorporates functions to generate and spatially allocate emissions databases. It allows users to load their own emissions factors, but it also provides emissions factors from the road transport model (Copert), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Brazilian databases. The VEIN model reads, distributes by age of use and extrapolates hourly traffic data, and estimates hourly and spatially emissions. Based on our 10 knowledge, VEIN is the first bottom-up vehicle emissions software that allows input to the WRF-Chem model. Therefore, the VEIN model provides an important, easy and fast way of elaborating or analyzing vehicular emissions inventories, under different scenarios. The VEIN results can be used as an input for atmospheric models, health studies, air quality standardizations and decision making.

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“…This was achieved by linear interpolation from the model 15 vertical levels (stretching exponent=1.1) between ground level and the top of the modeled box. The CO emission inventory for the mobile sources is generated within the Airviro system by processing the detailed output from t a supply-demand transport equilibrium model calibrated for Santiago, Chile (SECTRA 2006), expanded to spatial and temporal activity profiles as described by Corvalan et al (2002).…”

Section: Dispersion Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon monoxide concentrations in Santiago City at street levels and their vertical gradient

Rubio

Lissi

Jorquera

et al. 2007

Environ Monit Assess

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Carbon monoxide concentrations were measured at ground level (1 m) near heavy traffic streets in downtown Santiago de Chile in periods of low (November and December), intermediate (April) and high (May) ambient concentrations. Also, measurements were carried out at several heights (from 1 to 127 m) in Santiago's main street during winter time. Measurements carried out at ground level show maximum values during the morning rush hour, with values considerably higher than those reported by the urban air quality network, particularly in summer time. However, the measured values are below air quality standards. Vertical CO profiles were measured in a tower located in the center of downtown. Below 40 m (average altitude of neighboring buildings), the profiles do not show a consistent vertical gradient, with CO concentrations increasing or decreasing with height, regardless of atmospheric stability. In this low altitude range, the observed vertical profiles are poorly predicted by a street canyon model, and the measured concentrations can not be described by a simple exponential decay. At higher altitudes (40 and 127 m) a negative gradient in CO concentrations is observed, both for stable and unstable atmospheric conditions. The values of CO measured at 127 m are relatively well described by an Eulerian dispersion model running with current CO emission inventories for Santiago, although this model tends to predict stepper CO gradients than the observed ones.

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Hot Emission Model for Mobile Sources: Application to the Metropolitan Region of the City of Santiago, Chile

Cited by 40 publications

References 2 publications

Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide concentrations in Santiago de Chile associated with traffic emissions

Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide concentrations in Santiago de Chile associated with traffic emissions

VEIN v0.2.2: an R package for bottom-up Vehicular Emissions Inventories

Carbon monoxide concentrations in Santiago City at street levels and their vertical gradient

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