Host selection and establishment of striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata, on cotton cultivars

Silva-Torres, Christian S. A.; Oliveira, Martin Duarte de; Torres, Jorge B.

doi:10.1007/s12600-012-0261-1

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…After reproduction, it is possible that crawlers moved to the middle stratum due to their negative geotropic behavior (Gullan & Kosztarab 1997). Similar results were found by Silva- Torres et al (2013), who verified under field conditions observed the highest frequency of mealybugs in the middle and lower strata of cotton plants after 60 days of artificial infestation (cv. BRS Rubi) with crawler nymphs of F. virgata.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Crawlers can also disperse passively by the wind and water, as well as by agriculture tools, to reach higher distances not only between plants but also between fields (Silva- Torres et al 2013). In this study, it was observed that, immediately after leaf infestation, crawlers settled down on this same structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Thus, leaf discs (4.8-cm diameter) were cut from cotton plants of the corresponding cultivar (CNPA 7H, BRS Verde, BRS Rubi, and BRS Safira) and placed for about 15 min on pumpkins infested with F. virgata to promote the infestation of leaf discs with newly hatched nymphs. According to Silva- Torres et al (2013), crawlers of F. virgata actively search for a suitable site to establish themselves on the host plant. This behavior facilitates the grouping of nymphs on leaf discs to further carry out the infestation of cotton plants in the greenhouse.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population growth and within-plant distribution of the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) on cotton

Oliveira¹,

Silva-Torres²,

Torres³

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. entomol.

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ABSTRACT. Population growth and within-plant distribution of the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) on cotton. The striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae), is a widely distributed and polyphagous pest species, which naturally occurs on cotton plants in Brazil. This study evaluated the establishment and population growth as well as the within-plant distribution of F. virgata on four cotton cultivars: CNPA 7H (white fibers), BRS Verde, BRS Safira, and BRS Rubi (colored fibers). The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with four treatments (cultivars) and 18 replications of each. Thus, cotton plants of each cultivar were infested with 100 newly hatched nymphs of F. virgata. The number of adult female mealybugs and the total number of mealybugs per plant were quantified, respectively, at 25 and 50 days after infestation. The developmental and pre-reproductive periods were also determined. Furthermore, we verified the distribution of F. virgata on the plant parts at 25 and 50 days after infestation. Ferrisia virgata showed similar growth of 412-fold in the four cotton cultivars studied. Also, the nymphs were spread on infested leaves; the secondgeneration nymphs were spread and established in all plant parts. Our results characterize F. virgata as having much potential as an important cotton pest in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population growth and within-plant distribution of the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) on cotton

Oliveira¹,

Silva-Torres²,

Torres³

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. entomol.

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“…The results help us to explain the frequent outbreaks of mealybugs in cotton fields of the semiarid region of Brazil (Bastos et al 2007;Torres et al 2011;Silva-Torres et al 2013), which is a common event at the end of cropping season when the rain becomes scarce. Also, these findings help us explicate the heavy infestations of mealybugs observed on cotton plants under water stress in the corners of cotton fields in the west of Bahia State, which is cultivated in the dry season and irrigated with pivot (J.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Reproductive performance of striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on water-stressed cotton plants subjected to nitrogen fertilization

Oliveira

Barbosa

Silva-Torres

et al. 2014

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Sap-sucking sessile insects depend on their selected host plant for their development; hence, they are influenced by the nutritional quality of the plant, especially the available nitrogen (N) and water content in the plants. The levels of N in the plant sap can vary as function of the N fertilization applied to enhance crop yield, while deficit of water takes place during drought periods. The performance of the striped mealybug on cotton plants subjected to N fertilization and water stress (=deficit of water) was evaluated. Potted cotton plants grown in a greenhouse were subjected to N fertilization and two irrigation regimes considering regular irrigation and water stress. Cotton plants were infested with 150 newly hatched nymphs. The survival was measured as the percentage of mealybugs alive 25 days after infestation. The biological traits of duration of development ? the pre-reproductive period, and the number and sex ratio of the offspring were determined. The survival of nymphs was similar across all treatments and averaged 38 %. Likewise, the developmental times were similar across treatments averaging 47 days, with 84 % of female offspring. However, offspring production was nearly twofold higher for waterstressed plants with successive N fertilizations. Offspring production was increased by 37 % as a function of water stress, and by 18 % as a function of N fertilization. Therefore, we conclude that the striped mealybug performance is enhanced on cotton plants under N fertilization and water stress. Based on the results, proper fertilization and irrigation management relieving plant from stress can be helpful in avoiding generalized infestations of striped mealybug on cotton.

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“…The adult female is wingless, and has an elongated body covered by a powdery white wax, with a pair of dark longitudinal stripes on the dorsum and white wax threads extending from the posterior end resembling tails [34]. In cotton, F. virgata occurs in patches and feeds on all parts of a plant, particularly on growing tips or on leaves [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI Cotton on Non-Target Mealybug Pest Ferrisia virgata and Its Predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Recently, several invasive mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) have rapidly spread to Asia and have become a serious threat to the production of cotton including transgenic cotton. Thus far, studies have mainly focused on the effects of mealybugs on non-transgenic cotton, without fully considering their effects on transgenic cotton and trophic interactions. Therefore, investigating the potential effects of mealybugs on transgenic cotton and their key natural enemies is vitally important. A first study on the effects of transgenic cotton on a non-target mealybug, Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was performed by comparing its development, survival and body weight on transgenic cotton leaves expressing Cry1Ac (Bt toxin) + CpTI (Cowpea Trypsin Inhibitor) with those on its near-isogenic non-transgenic line. Furthermore, the development, survival, body weight, fecundity, adult longevity and feeding preference of the mealybug predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was assessed when fed F. virgata maintained on transgenic cotton. In order to investigate potential transfer of Cry1Ac and CpTI proteins via the food chain, protein levels in cotton leaves, mealybugs and ladybirds were quantified. Experimental results showed that F. virgata could infest this bivalent transgenic cotton. No significant differences were observed in the physiological parameters of the predator C. montrouzieri offered F. virgata reared on transgenic cotton or its near-isogenic line. Cry1Ac and CpTI proteins were detected in transgenic cotton leaves, but no detectable levels of both proteins were present in the mealybug or its predator when reared on transgenic cotton leaves. Our bioassays indicated that transgenic cotton poses a negligible risk to the predatory coccinellid C. montrouzieri via its prey, the mealybug F. virgata.

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Host selection and establishment of striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata, on cotton cultivars

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Population growth and within-plant distribution of the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) on cotton

Population growth and within-plant distribution of the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) on cotton

Reproductive performance of striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on water-stressed cotton plants subjected to nitrogen fertilization

Effects of Transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI Cotton on Non-Target Mealybug Pest Ferrisia virgata and Its Predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri

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