Host-response patterns of intramammary infections in dairy cows

Schukken, Y.H.; Günther, Juliane; Fitzpatrick, J. L.; Fontaine, Michaël C.; Goetze, Leopold; Holst, Otto; Leigh, James A.; Petzl, Wolfram; Schuberth, Hans‐Joachim; Sipka, Anja; Smith, David George Emslie; Quesnell, Rebecca R.; Watts, Jeffrey L.; Yancey, Robert J.; Zerbe, Holm; Gurjar, Anagha; Zadoks, Ruth N.; Seyfert, Hans‐Martin

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.08.022

Cited by 270 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 171 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

257

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, de Haas et al (2002) reported SCC increase was highest in clinical ECO and SUB mastitis. Despite differences in response to infections caused by ECO and SUB (Schukken et al, 2011), both develop severe inflammatory responses, manifested by clinical features and high SCC. In the present study, there was a significant indirect effect and a non-significant direct effect for ECO.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…the somatic cell count (SCC). It is well established that a high SCC is usually indicative of a response to an intramammary infection (IMI; Harmon, 1994;Schukken et al, 2011). Therefore, total milk loss due to mastitis may be classified as caused by the bacteria themselves (direct effect) or caused by the immune system (with an increase in SCC as a measurable indicator) as a response to the infection (indirect effect).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mediation analysis to estimate direct and indirect milk losses due to clinical mastitis in dairy cattle

Detilleux

Kastelic

Barkema

2015

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tMilk losses associated with mastitis can be attributed to either effects of pathogens per se (i.e., direct losses) or effects of the immune response triggered by intramammary infection (indirect losses). The distinction is important in terms of mastitis prevention and treatment. Regardless, the number of pathogens is often unknown (particularly in field studies), making it difficult to estimate direct losses, whereas indirect losses can be approximated by measuring the association between increased somatic cell count (SCC) and milk production. An alternative is to perform a mediation analysis in which changes in milk yield are allocated into their direct and indirect components. We applied this method on data for clinical mastitis, milk and SCC test-day recordings, results of bacteriological cultures (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and streptococci other than Strep. dysgalactiae and Strep. uberis), and cow characteristics. Following a diagnosis of clinical mastitis, the cow was treated and changes (increase or decrease) in milk production before and after a diagnosis were interpreted counterfactually. On a daily basis, indirect changes, mediated by SCC increase, were significantly different from zero for all bacterial species, with a milk yield decrease (ranging among species from 4 to 33 g and mediated by an increase of 1000 SCC/mL/day) before and a daily milk increase (ranging among species from 2 to 12 g and mediated by a decrease of 1000 SCC/mL/day) after detection. Direct changes, not mediated by SCC, were only different from zero for coagulase-negative staphylococci before diagnosis (72 g per day). We concluded that mixed structural equation models were useful to estimate direct and indirect effects of the presence of clinical mastitis on milk yield.

show abstract

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation analysis to estimate direct and indirect milk losses due to clinical mastitis in dairy cattle

Detilleux

Kastelic

Barkema

2015

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Galvão et al (2011) detected lower MY and higher incidence rate of clinical mastitis (IRCM) in c.735GG cows. Because innate immune responses heavily depend on the invading mastitis pathogen (Bannerman et al, 2004;Schukken et al, 2011), associations between polymorphisms in innate immune genes and udder health are ideally studied using pathogen-specific data. Recently, we revealed a pathogen group-specific association between SNP c.980A>G and the odds of IMI in early lactating heifers: c.980AG heifers were less likely to have IMI due to major mastitis pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus uberis) compared with c.980GG heifers, but were not less likely to have IMI by CNS still considered as minor pathogens (Verbeke et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between CXCR1 polymorphisms and pathogen-specific incidence rate of clinical mastitis, test-day somatic cell count, and test-day milk yield

Verbeke

Poucke

Peelman

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The CXCR1 gene plays an important role in the innate immunity of the bovine mammary gland. Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) CXCR1c.735C>G and c.980A>G and udder health have been identified before in small populations. A fluorescent multiprobe PCR assay was designed specifically and validated to genotype both SNP simultaneously in a reliable and cost-effective manner. In total, 3,106 cows from 50 commercial Flemish dairy herds were genotyped using this assay. Associations between genotype and detailed phenotypic data, including pathogen-specific incidence rate of clinical mastitis (IRCM), test-day somatic cell count, and test-day milk yield (MY) were analyzed. Staphylococcus aureus IRCM tended to associate with SNP c.735C>G. Cows with genotype c.735GG had lower Staph. aureus IRCM compared with cows with genotype c.735CC (rate ratio = 0.35, 95% confidence interval = 0.14-0.90). Additionally, a parity-specific association between Staph. aureus IRCM and SNP c.980A>G was detected. Heifers with genotype c.980GG had a lower Staph. aureus IRCM compared with heifers with genotype c.980AG (rate ratio = 0.15, 95% confidence interval = 0.04-0.56). Differences were less pronounced in multiparous cows. Associations between CXCR1 genotype and somatic cell count were not detected. However, MY was associated with SNP c.735C>G. Cows with genotype c.735GG out-produced cows with genotype c.735CC by 0.8 kg of milk/d. Results provide a basis for further research on the relation between CXCR1 polymorphism and pathogen-specific mastitis resistance and MY.

show abstract

“…agalactiae in the postpartum uterus elicited the greatest difference in protein response when compared with uninfected uteri. In the bovine udder, the response of the host immune defence mechanism depends on the type of bacterial infection (Petzl et al 2008;Schukken et al 2011) and it would appear from the protein response differences seen in this trial that this could be the case in the uterus as well. Although T. pyogenes is recognised as a major pathogen of endometritis, its effect appears to be confined to the uterus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Influence of pathogenic bacteria species present in the postpartum bovine uterus on proteome profiles

Ledgard

Smolenski

et al. 2015

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In the first 2-3 weeks after parturition .90% of dairy cows will have some form of uterine infection. Uterine contamination with pathogens, such as Trueperella (formerly Arcanobacterium) pyogenes increases the risk of developing more severe endometritis, which can reduce conception rates. In this study, we compared the uterine proteome of cows infected with Trueperella pyogenes with that of uninfected cows, using 2D gel electrophoresis, and identified annexins A1 and A2 (ANXA1 and ANXA2), apolipoprotein A-1, calprotectin (S100A9), cathelicidin, enolase 1 (ENO1), peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1), serine dehydratase (SDS) and serine protease inhibitors (SERPIN) B1, B3 and B4 proteins as differing in abundance in endometritis. Subsequently, levels of ten of these proteins were monitored in uterine samples collected from a herd of lactating, dairy cows at 15 and 42 days postpartum (DPP). The levels were compared with the cytology scores of the samples and the bacterial species isolated from the uterus. Cathelicidin, PGLYRP1, SERPINB1 and S100A9 levels at 15DPP showed strong positive correlations (r ¼ 0.78, 0.80, 0.79, and 0.68 respectively; P , 0.001) with % of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). When compared with other bacterial pathogens identified, Streptococcus agalactiae and Truperella pyogenes induced increased expression of the indicator proteins, suggesting that these organisms may adversely affect the subsequent ability of the cow to conceive. Interestingly, there was no difference in the proportion of cows pregnant at 6 and 17 weeks after start of mating between the cows with high or low %PMN.

show abstract

Host-response patterns of intramammary infections in dairy cows

Cited by 270 publications

References 171 publications

Mediation analysis to estimate direct and indirect milk losses due to clinical mastitis in dairy cattle

Mediation analysis to estimate direct and indirect milk losses due to clinical mastitis in dairy cattle

Associations between CXCR1 polymorphisms and pathogen-specific incidence rate of clinical mastitis, test-day somatic cell count, and test-day milk yield

Influence of pathogenic bacteria species present in the postpartum bovine uterus on proteome profiles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About