Host-probiotic interaction: new insight into the role of the endocannabinoid system by in vivo and ex vivo approaches

Gioacchini, Giorgia; Rossi, Giacomo; Carnevali, Oliana

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01322-1

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Considered as an innocent bystander for decades, accumulating evidence has clearly demonstrated its pivotal role in regulating several aspects of intestinal homeostasis, including mucosal integrity and inflammation [ 19 , 20 ]. In IBD, impaired host–microbiota interactions, resulting in a pro-inflammatory milieu, are essential for the maintenance and progression of mucosal inflammation [ 21 , 22 ]. The use of probiotics, by means of potential therapeutics in IBD [ 23 ], has therefore immediately captivated the scientific community as an innovative approach to control and inhibit gut inflammation [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Lactobacillus paracasei Producing Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Prevents Colitis in Mice

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Pesce

Seguella

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an N-acylethanolamide produced on-demand by the enzyme N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-preferring phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD). Being a key member of the larger family of bioactive autacoid local injury antagonist amides (ALIAmides), PEA significantly improves the clinical and histopathological stigmata in models of ulcerative colitis (UC). Despite its safety profile, high PEA doses are required in vivo to exert its therapeutic activity; therefore, PEA has been tested only in animals or human biopsy samples, to date. To overcome these limitations, we developed an NAPE-PLD-expressing Lactobacillus paracasei F19 (pNAPE-LP), able to produce PEA under the boost of ultra-low palmitate supply, and investigated its therapeutic potential in a murine model of UC. The coadministration of pNAPE-LP and palmitate led to a time-dependent release of PEA, resulting in a significant amelioration of the clinical and histological damage score, with a significantly reduced neutrophil infiltration, lower expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, and a markedly improved epithelial barrier integrity. We concluded that pNAPE-LP with ultra-low palmitate supply stands as a new method to increase the in situ intestinal delivery of PEA and as a new therapeutic able of controlling intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Lactobacillus paracasei Producing Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Prevents Colitis in Mice

Esposito

Pesce

Seguella

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Zebrafish were treated with a probiotic formulation (VSL#3; Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Streptococcus thermophilus) for 30 days. 99 Compared to untreated animals, histological analysis of gut tissue from treated animals showed an intact epithelial barrier with increases in enterocyte length, villus length, and crypt depth. There was a reduction in epithelial and mesenchymal apoptotic cells, confirming molecular level changes of the pro-apoptotic factors casp3 (caspase3) and BCL2 associated X (baxa), and an increase in antiapoptotic signals such as B cell lymphoma 2 (bcl2a).…”

Section: Clinical Endocannabinoid Deficiency Syndromementioning

confidence: 92%

Cannabis and the Gut–Brain Axis Communication in HIV Infection

Wilson

Peterson

Ellis

2021

Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research

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People living with HIV infection (PWH) disclose that cannabis is an effective strategy for alleviating symptoms associated with HIV disease. However, some medical providers feel ill-informed to engage in evidence-based conversations. HIV leads to alterations in the gut microbiome, gut-brain axis signaling, and chronic inflammation. The endocannabinoid system regulates homeostasis of multiple organ systems. When deficient, dysregulation of the gut-brain axis can result in chronic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Cannabis along with the naturally occurring endocannabinoids has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can support healing and restoration as an adjunctive therapy. The purpose of this literature review is to report the physiologic mechanisms that occur in the pathology of HIV and discuss potential benefits of cannabinoids in supporting health and reducing the negative effects of comorbidities in PWH.

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“…Briefly, from samples selected for transcriptomics analysis, a total amount of 1 µg of RNA was used for cDNA synthesis, employing the iScript cDNA Synthesis Kit (Bio-Rad). PCRs were performed with the SYBR green method in a CFX96 Real-Time PCR system (Bio-Rad) following Gioacchini and co-workers 85 . Four replicates per condition were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A de novo transcriptome assembly approach elucidates the dynamics of ovarian maturation in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

Gioacchini

Marisaldi

Basili

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The Mediterranean swordfish ( Xiphias gladius ) has been recently classified as overfished and in 2016, the International Commission for the Conservation of the Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) established a multi-annual management plan to recover this stock. To successfully achieve this goal, knowledge about swordfish biology is needed. To date, few studies on swordfish have been performed and none of them has provided useful insights into the reproductive biology at molecular level. Here we set to characterise the molecular dynamics underlying ovarian maturation by employing a de novo transcriptome assembly approach. Differential gene expression analysis in mature and immature ovaries identified a number of differentially expressed genes associated with biological processes driving ovarian maturation. Focusing on ovarian steroidogenesis and vitellogenin uptake, we depict the molecular dynamics characterizing these processes while a phylogenetic analysis let us identify a candidate vitellogenin receptor. This is the first swordfish transcriptome assembly and these findings provide in-depth understanding of molecular processes describing ovarian maturation. Moreover, the establishment of a publicly available database containing information on the swordfish transcriptome aims to boost research on this species with the long-term of developing more comprehensive and successful stock management plans.

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Host-probiotic interaction: new insight into the role of the endocannabinoid system by in vivo and ex vivo approaches

Cited by 34 publications

References 69 publications

Engineered Lactobacillus paracasei Producing Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Prevents Colitis in Mice

Engineered Lactobacillus paracasei Producing Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Prevents Colitis in Mice

Cannabis and the Gut–Brain Axis Communication in HIV Infection

A de novo transcriptome assembly approach elucidates the dynamics of ovarian maturation in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

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