Host infection by Claviceps purpurea

Shaw, Barbara I.; Mantle, Peter G.

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(80)80197-5

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, the hyphae do not penetrate the stigmatic tissue but rather germinate on the stigma and grow superficially to the glumes and caryopsis. Fungal infection following the path of the pollen tubes is known from ergot diseases, caused by species of Claviceps (Shaw & Mantle 1980). The result of ergot infection is destruction of the fruit, not seed infection in the strict sense.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Investigation of Flower Parts of Cucumber Infected by Didymella Bryoniae

Neergaard¹

1989

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Investigation of Flower Parts of Cucumber Infected by Didymella Bryoniae

Neergaard¹

1989

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Spores attached to the stigmatic hairs form a small germ tube that penetrates the faint plant cuticle of the outer epidermal wall directly without formation of specific infection structures like appressoria. After penetration the hyphae normally grow in bundles (without intensive branching) towards the rachilla in the transmitting tissue along the pollen tube path outside the ovule; only at the micropylar region does the fungus leave this path, turning in the direction of the rachilla and tapping the vascular tissue (Luttrell, 1980; Shaw and Mantle, 1980; Tudzynski et al ., 1995). The signals guiding this directed growth are as yet unknown.…”

Section: Life Cycle and Pathogenic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no hyphae grow beyond the rachilla tip. Thus, a clear‐cut and persisting interface between the fungal stroma and the non‐infected host tissue is formed (Luttrell, 1980; Shaw and Mantle, 1980; Tudzynski et al ., 1995). Arrest of fungal growth in this area could be due to host phenolics that accumulate during infection (Hambrock, 1996; Mower and Hancock, 1975; Shaw and Mantle, 1980); a possible effect could be the inhibition of fungal pectinase activity, which has been shown to be crucial for fungal growth in planta (see below).…”

Section: Life Cycle and Pathogenic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pectinolytic enzymes have been detected in cultures of C. purpurea , in honeydew and in infected tissue extracts (Shaw and Mantle, 1980). Electron microscopical analyses including immunogold labelling of pectin and pectate demonstrated pectinolytic activity accompanying the growing hyphae (Tenberge et al ., 1996).…”

Section: Molecular Aspects Of Host–pathogen Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Claviceps purpurea: molecular aspects of a unique pathogenic lifestyle

Tudzynski

Scheffer

2004

Molecular Plant Pathology

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SUMMARYClaviceps purpurea is a ubiquitous pathogen of cereals and grasses, causing Ergot disease, which results in substitution of grains by sclerotia. These overwintering structures contain ergot-alkaloids, which can cause severe intoxication in mammals. C. purpurea is an interesting model system for the study of host-pathogen interaction. It displays strict organ specificity, attacking exclusively young grass ovaries. It is optimally adapted to this special niche of infection, probably by mimicry of pollen tubes: there are no resistance genes known, and no effective resistance reactions can be detected in the early steps of infection. In this early phase of host tissue colonization the fungus shows directed, almost unbranched growth towards the base of the ovary. Thus, C. purpurea represents one of the few systems in which directed growth in filamentous fungi can be studied. Finally, the fungus behaves as a true biotroph in planta , although it can be easily grown in axenic culture. We describe here the tools available to study this interesting pathogen, report on recent molecular investigations concerning the role of cell-wall-degrading enzymes and of reactive oxygen species in this specialized interaction, and present an update of the signalling cascades involved in early events of pathogenesis.

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“…The first growth stage of C. purpurea in the host is characterized by a strict polarity, which changes into a branching growth pattern once the fungus reaches the basis of the ovary. The fungus then colonizes the whole ovarian tissue, developing a sclerotium (3)(4)(5). Infected plants do not show any obvious defense reactions against C. purpurea.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-GTPase-Associated Signaling by the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors CpDock180 and CpCdc24, the GTPase Effector CpSte20, and the Scaffold Protein CpBem1 in Claviceps purpurea

et al. 2014

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bMonomeric GTPases of the Rho subfamily are important mediators of polar growth and NADPH (Nox) signaling in a variety of organisms. These pathways influence the ability of Claviceps purpurea to infect host plants. GTPase regulators contribute to the nucleotide loading cycle that is essential for proper functionality of the GTPases. Scaffold proteins gather GTPase complexes to facilitate proper function. The guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) CpCdc24 and CpDock180 activate GTPase signaling by triggering nucleotide exchange of the GTPases. Here we show that CpCdc24 harbors nucleotide exchange activity for both Rac and Cdc42 homologues. The GEFs partly share the cellular distribution of the GTPases and interact with the putative upstream GTPase CpRas1. Interaction studies show the formation of higher-order protein complexes, mediated by the scaffold protein CpBem1. Besides the GTPases and GEFs, these complexes also contain the GTPase effectors CpSte20 and CpCla4, as well as the regulatory protein CpNoxR. Functional characterizations suggest a role of CpCdc24 mainly in polarity, whereas CpDock180 is involved in stress tolerance mechanisms. These findings indicate the dynamic formation of small GTPase complexes and improve the model for GTPase-associated signaling in C. purpurea.

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Host infection by Claviceps purpurea

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Histological Investigation of Flower Parts of Cucumber Infected by Didymella Bryoniae

Histological Investigation of Flower Parts of Cucumber Infected by Didymella Bryoniae

Claviceps purpurea: molecular aspects of a unique pathogenic lifestyle

Small-GTPase-Associated Signaling by the Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors CpDock180 and CpCdc24, the GTPase Effector CpSte20, and the Scaffold Protein CpBem1 in Claviceps purpurea

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