Host–Guest Interaction-Mediated Photo/Temperature Dual-Controlled Antibacterial Surfaces

Abstract

Development of smart switchable surfaces to solve the inevitable bacteria attachment and colonization has attracted much attention; however, it proves very challenging to achieve on-demand regeneration for noncontaminated surfaces. We herein report a smart, host–guest interaction-mediated photo/temperature dual-controlled antibacterial surface, topologically combining stimuli-responsive polymers with nanobactericide. From the point of view of long-chain polymer design, the peculiar hydration layer generated by hydrophilic poly­(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (polyHEMA) segments severs the route of initial bacterial attachment and subsequent proliferation, while the synergistic effect on chain conformation transformation poly­(N-isopropylacrylamide) (polyNIPAM) and guest complex dissociation azobenzene/cyclodextrin (Azo/CD) complex greatly promotes the on-demand bacterial release in response to the switch of temperature and UV light. Therefore, the resulting surface exhibits triple successive antimicrobial functions simultaneously: (i) resists ∼84.9% of initial bacterial attachment, (ii) kills ∼93.2% of inevitable bacteria attack, and (iii) releases over 94.9% of killed bacteria even after three cycles. The detailed results not only present a potential and promising strategy to develop renewable antibacterial surfaces with successive antimicrobial functions but also contribute a new antimicrobial platform to biomedical or surgical applications.

Hagfish‐inspired Smart SLIPS Marine Antifouling Coating Based on Supramolecular: Lubrication Modes Responsively Switching and Self‐healing Properties

“…[ 54 ] Only trans ‐Azo can be connected with α‐CD firmly while cis cannot; [ 55 ] the conversion between cis ‐Azo and trans ‐Azo can adjust the supramolecular connect with α‐CD. [ 56 ] When stimulated by visible light or heating, the cis ‐Azo converts to trans and combined with α‐CD, [ 57 ] which causes the shrinkage of the polymer chains, and then squeezes the stored lubricant out like hagfish. There is more lubricating liquid on surface after response, which makes SLIPS have better lubricity and more efficient antifouling performance.…”

Photo-switchable supramolecular comb-like polymer brush based on host–guest recognition for use as antimicrobial smart surface

“…The procedure for the synthesis of b-CD-OTs and EDA-b-CD was adapted from a previous study. 49 Briefly, b-CD (39.6 mmol) was dissolved in 300 mL of deionized water with stirring. NaOH (123.1 mmol) was then added dropwise in 15 mL of deionized water until the solution became colorless and homogeneous.…”

Conductive Adhesive and Antibacterial Zwitterionic Hydrogel Dressing for Therapy of Full-Thickness Skin Wounds

“…The sustaining moist environment will decrease the inflammatory and proliferative cells, resulting in faster healing of wound defects. To date, the widely accepted characteristics for ideal biological wound dressings can be summarized as 1) a certain adsorption capacity for removing excess exudates and toxins, 2) good air permeability to allow gaseous exchange and thermal insulation, and 3) adjusted adhesion to promote the wound/dressing interface binding force and to be removed easily without trauma to the wound ( Zhu et al, 2016 ; Ni et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ; Yuan J et al, 2021 ). Recent progress has demonstrated that biomedical hydrogels can be used as typical wound dressings to accelerate the whole healing process due to the similarities, in terms of composition structure (soft matrix with high water contents), to human tissues.…”