Hospitalizations for Pediatric Stone Disease in United States, 2002–2007

Bush, Nicol; Xu, Lin; Brown, B. R.; Hölzer, Michael; Gingrich, Aaron; B, Schuler; Tong, Liyue; Baker, Linda A.

doi:10.1016/j.juro.2009.11.057

Cited by 108 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These criteria likely capture nearly all clinically important stone events because of the acute nature of stone episodes that require emergency evaluation, hospital admission, and/or surgery (8,9,15). The first qualifying claim defined the date of presentation.…”

Section: Kidney Stone Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Annual Incidence of Nephrolithiasis among Children and Adults in South Carolina from 1997 to 2012

Tasian

Ross

Song³

et al. 2016

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

207

130

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Background and objectives The prevalence of nephrolithiasis in the United States has increased substantially, but recent changes in incidence with respect to age, sex, and race are not well characterized. This study examined temporal trends in the annual incidence and cumulative risk of nephrolithiasis among children and adults living in South Carolina over a 16-year period.Design, setting, participants, & measurements We performed a population-based, repeated cross-sectional study using the US Census and South Carolina Medical Encounter data, which capture all emergency department visits, surgeries, and admissions in the state. The annual incidence of nephrolithiasis in South Carolina from 1997 to 2012 was estimated, and linear mixed models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios for age, sex, and racial groups. The cumulative risk of nephrolithiasis during childhood and over the lifetime was estimated for males and females in 1997 and 2012.Results Among an at-risk population of 4,625,364 people, 152,925 unique patients received emergency, inpatient, or surgical care for nephrolithiasis. Between 1997 and 2012, the mean annual incidence of nephrolithiasis increased 1% annually from 206 to 239 per 100,000 persons. Among age groups, the greatest increase was observed among 15-19 year olds, in whom incidence increased 26% per 5 years (incidence rate ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 1.29). Adjusting for age and race, incidence increased 15% per 5 years among females (incidence rate ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.14 to 1.16) but remained stable for males. The incidence among blacks increased 15% more per 5 years compared with whites (incidence rate ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.14 to 1.17). These changes in incidence resulted in doubling of the risk of nephrolithiasis during childhood and a 45% increase in the lifetime risk of nephrolithiasis for women over the study period.Conclusions The incidence of kidney stones has increased among young patients, particularly women, and blacks.

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Section: Kidney Stone Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, the prevalence of nephrolithiasis has been highest among middle-aged, white men (5,6). However, over the last 25 years, there were smaller changes in the prevalence among men than women, and there have been reports of increasing frequency of nephrolithiasis among children and adolescents (7)(8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Incidence of Nephrolithiasis among Children and Adults in South Carolina from 1997 to 2012

Tasian

Ross

Song³

et al. 2016

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

207

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In adults, kidney stones are associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease, as well as an increasing financial burden (1-5). Although relatively rare in the pediatric population, recent data regarding incidence (6), cost (5), and inpatient hospitalization rates (7,8) for children with kidney stones bring into sharp focus the need to gain a better understanding of the metabolic underpinnings as well as environmental contributors to pediatric nephrolithiasis so that we may improve on strategies for prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on the Changing Epidemiology and Metabolic Risk Factors in Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease

Sas¹

2011

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

140

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SummaryNephrolithiasis in children is a painful and costly disease that may also have detrimental long-term effects on kidney function. Recent data provide evidence that the incidence of nephrolithiasis in children is rising. Children who are white, female, and adolescent seem to have the highest risk for forming symptomatic kidney stones. Although the reasons for the rising incidence and demographic discrepancies in pediatric nephrolithiasis are not yet clear, recent investigations into urine chemistry provide clues regarding predisposing metabolic risk factors. As more data emerge regarding epidemiologic and metabolic characteristics of pediatric kidney stone formers, we hope to gain a better understanding of the causes of kidney stone disease and, ultimately, provide better strategies for stone prevention in children.

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“…They indicated that the risk of nephrolithiasis in age group of 14 to 18 years is 10 times greater. The hospitalization rate also follows the same pattern (9,12,21,22). In a Tasian study, the greatest change belonged to 15 to 19 year olds, and the incidence of nephrolithiasis increased by 26% per five years.…”

Section: Incidence and Trendmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…On the other hand, there has been a change regarding the gender of patients. Previous reports demonstrated that nephrolithiasis was usually more common in boys than in girls, but recent studies have shown a noticeable rising incidence of nephrolithiasis in girls and some studies even substantiated that nephrolithiasis are more common among girls (4,9,10,12,15,16). Usually girls in the second decade are more prone to hospital administration for kidney stone (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Nephrolithiasis: Trend, Evaluation and Management: A Systematic Review

Moudi¹,

Ghaffari²,

Moradi

2016

J Pediatr Rev

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Context: Pediatric nephrolithiasis is a noticeable cause of morbidity among children. Although, nephrolithiasis is a common disease in adults, its incidence has had a rising trend in children.Objectives: Here in, we reviewed the current state regarding evaluation and management of children with nephrolithiasis in the last decade. Data Sources: The current literature regarding incidence and trend, along with diagnostic evaluation and management of children aged less than 18 years old with nephrolithiasis was searched on MEDLINE and Google scholar from January 2005 to March 2016. Study Selection and Data Extraction:The search terms included, "kidney stone OR nephrolithiasis OR urolithiasis and Pediatric OR children". English language and human studies were included. Expert opinions, editorials and case reports were excluded. Consequently, the authors independently reviewed the abstracts and the papers, which matched the inclusion criteria.Results: From a total of 1050 studies identified through the database search, 71 articles were selected for the review. According to the results of this review, pediatric nephrolithiasis has an increasing rate worldwide. Recent studies in this regard indicated that the number of girls with nephrolithiasis has increased. The change of life style, diet, obesity and metabolic syndrome and popular imaging study along with referral of the patients to pediatric centers could be contributed to this trend. Conclusions:Evaluation of patients, particularly young children, includes metabolic assessment. Stone analysis and 24-urine collection analysis are very helpful for determining underlying diseases. Medical as well as surgical approaches are used to prevent kidney injuries.Keywords: Nephrolithiasis, Children, Incidence, Management ContextOver the past decades, the prevalence of pediatric nephrolithiasis has increased by 70% in adults and has become the third top urinary tract disease, and the gender gap between males and females is narrowing in many countries, as about 10% and 5% of males and females, respectively, complain of this condition during their life (1-3). Sas et al. (4) reported in their study that during the last couple of decades, the incidence of pediatric nephrolithiasis has increased by approximately 6 to 10% annually and has actually reached 50 per 100000 in adolescents.This situation may cause some complications and has subsequent health care and medical costs. Pearle et al. (5) estimated that more than two billion dollars is incurred annually for nephrolithiasis in the United States. This condition causes further chronic conditions requiring health care services in pediatric medicine. Moreover, recent studies revealed that this disorder has a genderrelated distribution in this context by more inclination toward nephrolithiasis. In addition, race and geographic location may play a role in nephrolithiasis development. African countries have low prevalence and the Middle East, Pakistan and India have higher incidence of urolithiasis (6, 7). ObjectivesThis review...

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Hospitalizations for Pediatric Stone Disease in United States, 2002–2007

Cited by 108 publications

References 21 publications

Annual Incidence of Nephrolithiasis among Children and Adults in South Carolina from 1997 to 2012

Annual Incidence of Nephrolithiasis among Children and Adults in South Carolina from 1997 to 2012

An Update on the Changing Epidemiology and Metabolic Risk Factors in Pediatric Kidney Stone Disease

Pediatric Nephrolithiasis: Trend, Evaluation and Management: A Systematic Review

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