Hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the PVL gene outbreak in a Public Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Brust, Tarsis F.; Costa, Thaina Miranda da; Amorim, José; Asensi, Marise Dutra; Fernandes, Octávio; Aguiar-Alves, Fábio

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822013000300031

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Surprisingly in this study, we found the PVL gene in SCCmec type III MRSAs often classified as HA-MRSA. This is in concordance with some previous findings that proved the sole existence of PVL is not a decisive clue for characterization of an MRSA as CA-MRSA (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). Havaei et al reported that the prevalence of PVL harboring isolates in five Hospitals of Tehran was 24.2%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…It seems that PVL carrying phages were integrated into pre-existing endemic MRSA strains; therefore, a previously accepted hypothesis about markers of CA-MRSA strains could be speculated. Our findings and some previous studies suggest that the PVL gene could not be an appropriate marker for CA-MRSA (9,10,27,(37)(38)(39). Altogether, these findings are alarming with respect to the genetic background of these HA-MRSA strains (ST239/SCCmec III), since it is possible that these highly virulent strains spread to other hospitals in various geographical regions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

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Molecular Epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Harboring Hospital-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Septicemic Children, Northeastern Iran, Bojnurd

Besharati

Ghafouri

Safamanesh

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for an increasing number of serious hospital-and community-acquired infections in adults and children. Sepsis caused by S. aureus is one of the major health problems associated with treatment failure in adults; however, its clinical outcomes, the rate of treatment failure, and its molecular epidemiology are poorly understood. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) harboring MRSA strains isolated from children's blood culture in Bojnurd. Methods: Totally, 58 S. aureus strains were isolated from blood cultures in the major teaching hospital in Bojnurd. After the primary verification of Methicillin resistance by agar screening method, the isolated MRSA strains were confirmed with the detection of the mecA gene. MecA-positive strains evaluated for SCCmec, agr, and toxin profiles. Panton-valentine leucocidin-positive isolates were subjected to be evaluated for spa and sequence type (ST). Results: Our data indicated 53.4% (31) of isolates were MRSA. Twelve (38.7%) of these isolates had PVL gene that 25% (3) of them had tsst-1 gene and 58.3% (7) had etb gene. One (3.2%), 64.5% (20), and 32.2% (10) of these isolates belonged to SCCmec I, III, and IV, respectively. Predominant ST and spa types among PVL positive isolates were ST6 and t304, respectively. Conclusions: We had an uncommon finding because PVL was routinely found in community-acquired MRSA, but in this study we found PVL harboring hospital-associated MRSAs. A notable point about these isolates is that most of them belonged to Asian endemic clones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Molecular Epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Harboring Hospital-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Septicemic Children, Northeastern Iran, Bojnurd

Besharati

Ghafouri

Safamanesh

et al. 2019

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…Although the properties of CA-MRSA appear to make it less aggressive than hospital clones, the OSP clone presents virulence factors involved in the high pathogenicity, such as the PVL, which kills immune cells and induces tissue necrosis [ 82 , 83 , 86 , 87 , 89 , 90 ]. Although originally found in MRSA SCC mec type IV, PVL has also been reported in strains with other types of cassettes mostly present in HA-MRSA strains, such as BEC, due to a horizontal transfer of genes [ 29 , 63 , 91 , and 92 ]. Such horizontal transference indicates contact between CA and HA-MRSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Brazil

Andrade

Luiz

Souza

et al. 2020

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Since the emergence of MRSA in the 1960s, a gradual increase in infections by resistant bacteria has been observed. Clinical manifestations may vary from brand to critical condition due to host risk factors, as well as pathogen virulence and resistance. The high adaptability and pathogenic profile of MRSA clones contributed to its spread in hospital and community settings. In Brazil, the first MRSA isolates were reported in the late 1980s, and since then different genetic profiles, such as the Brazilian epidemic clone (BEC) and other clones considered a pandemic, became endemic in the Brazilian population. Additionally, Brazil’s MRSA clones were shown to be able to transfer genes involved in multidrug resistance and enhanced pathogenic properties. These events contributed to the rise of highly resistant and pathogenic MRSA. In this review, we present the main events which compose the history of MRSA in Brazil, including numbers and locations of isolation, as well as types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) found in the Brazilian territory.

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“…An increasing number of MRSA strains are circulating in different hospitals and communities in Brazil, as well as worldwide [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Although the Brazilian Epidemic Clone (BEC) (ST239 SCC mec III) remains circulating in different hospitals and the community in our country [ 27 , 28 ], previous studies have shown the substitution of this clone for others, such as the New York/Japan clone (USA100/ST5/CC5/SCCmecII), community-acquired MRSA (USA300/ST8/CC8/SCCmecIV), and pediatric clone (USA800/ST5/CC5/SCCmecIV) [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 29 ]. This fact has evidenced the need for studies on the epidemiological, microbiological, and genetic characteristics of these microorganisms to improve and better understand the pathogen evolution, the scenario changes, and update control measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Factors Found in Nasal Colonization and Infection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates and Their Ability to Form a Biofilm

Machado

Pinheiro

André

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Hospitalizations related to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are frequent, increasing mortality and health costs. In this way, this study aimed to compare the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of MRSA isolates that colonize and infect patients seen at two hospitals in the city of Niterói—Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 147 samples collected between March 2013 and December 2015 were phenotyped and genotyped to identify the protein A (SPA) gene, the mec staphylococcal chromosomal cassette (SCCmec), mecA, Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL), icaC, icaR, ACME, and hla virulence genes. The strength of biofilm formation has also been exploited. The prevalence of SCCmec type IV (77.1%) was observed in the colonization group; however, in the invasive infection group, SCCmec type II was prevalent (62.9%). The Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), ST5/ST30, and ST5/ST239 analyses were the most frequent clones in colonization, and invasive infection isolates, respectively. Among the isolates selected to assess the ability to form a biofilm, 51.06% were classified as strong biofilm builders. Surprisingly, we observed that isolates other than the Brazilian Epidemic Clone (BEC) have appeared in Brazilian hospitals. The virulence profile has changed among these isolates since the ACME type I and II genes were also identified in this collection.

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Hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying the PVL gene outbreak in a Public Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Harboring Hospital-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Septicemic Children, Northeastern Iran, Bojnurd

Molecular Epidemiology of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Harboring Hospital-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Septicemic Children, Northeastern Iran, Bojnurd

The History of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Brazil

Virulence Factors Found in Nasal Colonization and Infection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates and Their Ability to Form a Biofilm

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