Hospital-acquired infections among surgical patients in Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Habte-Gabr, Eyassu; Gedebou, M; Kronvall, Göran

doi:10.1016/0196-6553(88)90004-1

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…SSI is not correlated with sex [5], in agreement with previous findings (p = 0.093). The literature shows that SSI increases with obesity, one reason being a decrease in blood circulation in fat tissues [7].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The literature shows that SSI increases with obesity, one reason being a decrease in blood circulation in fat tissues [7]. Malnutrition is another factor predisposing to SSI [5]. In this study we considered a BMI of above 30 obese and that of below 20 as malnutrition, found no significant correlations between the two ranges and SSI extensity (p = 0.692).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Abdominal surgical site infections: incidence and risk factors at an Iranian teaching hospital

Razavi

Ibrahimpoor

Kashani³

et al. 2005

BMC Surg

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BackgroundAbdominal surgical site infections are among the most common complications of inpatient admissions and have serious consequences for outcomes and costs. Different risk factors may be involved, including age, sex, nutrition and immunity, prophylactic antibiotics, operation type and duration, type of shaving, and secondary infections. This study aimed to determine the risk factors affecting abdominal surgical site infections and their incidence at Imam Khomeini, a major referral teaching hospital in Iran.MethodsPatients (n = 802) who had undergone abdominal surgery were studied and the relationships among variables were analyzed by Student's t and Chi-square tests. The subjects were followed for 30 days and by a 20-item questionnaire. Data were collected through pre- and post-operative examinations and telephone follow-ups.ResultsOf the 802 patients, 139 suffered from SSI (17.4%). In 40.8% of the cases, the wound was dirty infected. The average age for the patients was 46.7 years. The operations were elective in 75.7% of the cases and 24.7% were urgent. The average duration of the operation was 2.24 hours, the average duration of pre-operative hospital stay 4.31 days and the average length of (pre- and post-operation) hospital stay 11.2 days. Three quarters of the cases were shaved 12 hours before the operation. The increased operation time, increased bed stay, electivity of the operation, septicity of the wound, type of incision, the administration of prophylactic antibiotic, type of operation, background disease, and the increased time lapse between shaving and operation all significantly associated with SSI with a p-value less than 0.001.ConclusionIn view of the high rate of SSI reported here (17.4% compared with the 14% quoted in literature), this study suggests that by reducing the average operation time to less than 2 hours, the average preoperative stay to 4 days and the overall stay to less than 11 days, and approximating the timing of shaving to the operation and substituting cefazolin for cefaluthin when prophylactic antibiotic is to be administered, the SSI may be reduced to a more acceptable level.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Abdominal surgical site infections: incidence and risk factors at an Iranian teaching hospital

Razavi

Ibrahimpoor

Kashani³

et al. 2005

BMC Surg

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“…Catheters support the colonization of biofilm infection where the pathogens adhere to urinary tract, to the foreign material or necrotic tissue and are embedded in exopolysacharide matrix 26 . The antibiotic resistance patterns reported in this study for ampcillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulphomethoxazol were higher than previous reports done in Ethiopia 27,28 . Overall, statistically significant resistance rates were demonstrated to amoxycillin, erythromycin and tetracycline (p<0.001).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Overall, statistically significant resistance rates were demonstrated to amoxycillin, erythromycin and tetracycline (p<0.001). These rates are higher than those reported from Ethiopia 10 and other countries 22,28 . Increasing drug resistance to these and other antimicrobials has been documented from previous studies 22 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Antibiogram of nosocomial urinary tract infections in Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Ethiopia

Melaku¹,

Kibret²,

Abera³

et al. 2012

Af Hlth Sci

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Background: Nosocomial infections increase the cost of medical care, extend hospital stay and reflect on the morbidity and mortality of the admitted patients. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common nosocomial infections in humans.Objectives: To determine the prevalence and antibiogram of nosocomial UITs from a referral hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1 254 patients from April to August 2010. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using disc diffusion technique as per the standard of Kirby-Bauer method.Results: Of the 1 254 patients, 118 (9.4%) developed nosocomial UTIs. Seventy three (61.9%) and 44 (37.1%) of the bacterial isolates were gram negative and gram positive, respectively. One patient had a mixed infection. E. coli, S.aureus and K. pneumonia were the most predominant isolates. Gender, catheterization and pre-operative antimicrobial prophylaxis and underlying diseases were significantly associated with the occurrence of nosocomial UTIs (p=0.001). Most bacterial isolates showed high resistance rates (>80%) to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol and cloxacillin. Conclusion:Catheterization and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis were found to be the risk factors for nosocomial infection. Effective infection prevention measures should be in place to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial UTIs.

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“…The incidence of NI was higher among the patients of medical (28%) ward than surgical (24.5%) ward, however, the difference was statistically insignificant (p=0.58). Similar finding was seen by Kamat et al, [11], which is higher than the previous studies in which Infection rate were 16.4% [12] and 13% [13] and lower than following studies where NI rate was 27.4% [14].…”

Section: References Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

Hospital Acquired Infections Among Patients Admitted in the Medical and Surgical Wards of a Non-Teaching Secondary Care Hospital in Northern India

Ginawi

Saleem

Sigh

et al. 2014

JCDR

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Hospital-acquired infections among surgical patients in Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Abdominal surgical site infections: incidence and risk factors at an Iranian teaching hospital

Abdominal surgical site infections: incidence and risk factors at an Iranian teaching hospital

Antibiogram of nosocomial urinary tract infections in Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Ethiopia

Hospital Acquired Infections Among Patients Admitted in the Medical and Surgical Wards of a Non-Teaching Secondary Care Hospital in Northern India

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