Hospital-acquired infections among obstetric and gynaecological patients at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa

Gedebou, M; Habte-Gabr, Eyassu; Kronvall, Göran; Yoseph, Seyoum

doi:10.1016/0195-6701(88)90039-4

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This rate is higher than what is reported in developed countries with rates of 5–10% (Meers et al , 1980; Moro et al , 1986; Mayon-White et al , 1988; Scheel & Stormark, 1999) and also higher than rates reported from hospitals in developing countries such as Ghana (Newman, 2009) with 6.7% and Ethiopia (Gedebou, 1988) with 17%. There is need to strengthen infection control activities in Nigerian hospitals in order reduce the prevalence, mortality, morbidity, and cost of care associated with HAI.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Prevalence of hospital acquired enterococci infections in two primary-care hospitals in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria

Olawale

Fadiora

Taiwo

2011

African Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enterococci are opportunistic bacteria that become pathogenic when they colonize niches where they are not normally found. Of recent, they have become major cause of nosocomial infections, especially of the bloodstream, urinary tract and surgical sites. The aim of this study is to determine the point-prevalence rate of human enterococci infections among hospitalized patients in Osogbo, Nigeria. The study was conducted between January and June 2009 in two primary-care hospitals in Osogbo and involved a total of 118 patients who developed clinical evidence of infection at least 48 hours after hospital admission. Appropriate clinical samples were collected from the patients after an informed consent and cultured for isolation/biochemical identification of Enterococcus species at the Bacteriology Laboratory of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo using standard microbiological methods. There were 525 hospital admissions within the time frame of the study of which 118 (22.5%) developed hospital acquired infection (HAI); 58 (49.2%) of which cultured positive for bacterial pathogens. Enterococci were isolated from infective focus in 7 patients, giving a prevalence rate of hospital-acquired enterococci infection of 5.9%. Two species of Enterococcus were identified; Enterococcus faecalis from urinary tract infection (UTI) and surgical site infection (SSI) of 6 (85.7%) patients and Enterococcus faecium from UTI in 1 (14.3%) patient. Other bacteria recovered from other infective foci were Klebsiella spp 31.0%, Pseudomonas spp 20.7%, Staphylococcus aureus 17.2%, Escherichia coli 12.1%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 3.4%, Streptococcus pneumoniae 1.7% and Serratia spp 1.7%. All the enterococci isolates were multiply antibiotic resistant, and 42.9% were vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) with the VRE strains showing resistance to wider range of antibiotics than the vancomycin-sensitive strains. Other Gram-positive and Gram negative bacterial isolates also demonstrated multiple resistance to all commonly available antibiotics in this community except E. coli and Pseudomonas spp which were relatively sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. This limited study demonstrated a high prevalence rate of multiple antibiotic resistant enterococci infections among hospitalized patients in this environment. There is need for systematic surveillance of hospitals for enterococci infections; prudent use and rational prescription of antibiotics and stringent measures to reduce the prevalence rate by health education on infection control measures such as isolation, cleaning, disinfection and sterilization.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Prevalence of hospital acquired enterococci infections in two primary-care hospitals in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria

Olawale

Fadiora

Taiwo

2011

African Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Catheters support the colonization of biofilm infection where the pathogens adhere to urinary tract, to the foreign material or necrotic tissue and are embedded in exopolysacharide matrix 26 . The antibiotic resistance patterns reported in this study for ampcillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulphomethoxazol were higher than previous reports done in Ethiopia 27,28 . Overall, statistically significant resistance rates were demonstrated to amoxycillin, erythromycin and tetracycline (p<0.001).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Antibiogram of nosocomial urinary tract infections in Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Ethiopia

Melaku¹,

Kibret²,

Abera³

et al. 2012

Af Hlth Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Nosocomial infections increase the cost of medical care, extend hospital stay and reflect on the morbidity and mortality of the admitted patients. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common nosocomial infections in humans.Objectives: To determine the prevalence and antibiogram of nosocomial UITs from a referral hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1 254 patients from April to August 2010. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using disc diffusion technique as per the standard of Kirby-Bauer method.Results: Of the 1 254 patients, 118 (9.4%) developed nosocomial UTIs. Seventy three (61.9%) and 44 (37.1%) of the bacterial isolates were gram negative and gram positive, respectively. One patient had a mixed infection. E. coli, S.aureus and K. pneumonia were the most predominant isolates. Gender, catheterization and pre-operative antimicrobial prophylaxis and underlying diseases were significantly associated with the occurrence of nosocomial UTIs (p=0.001). Most bacterial isolates showed high resistance rates (>80%) to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol and cloxacillin. Conclusion:Catheterization and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis were found to be the risk factors for nosocomial infection. Effective infection prevention measures should be in place to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial UTIs.

show abstract

“…K. pneumoniae was the most common isolate in this hospital, as previously reported (10, 20). The same species was also the most frequent pathogen in a similar study of obstetric and gynaecologic patients in another developing country (21). Among the community isolates, however, E. coli was the most frequent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Endemic nosocomial infections and misuse of antibiotics in a maternity hospital in Saudi Arabia

Bilal

Gedebou

Alghamdi

2002

APMIS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patients admitted during a 6-month period to a maternity hospital in Saudi Arabia were studied for nosocomial infections and misuse of antibiotics. Patient history and diagnosis on admission and subsequent clinical and laboratory data were analysed. Infection developing from 72 h after admission was considered nosocomial. Therapeutic and prophylactic data as recorded on the patients' charts were assessed for possible misuse of antibiotics. Of 3439 patients, 136 (4.0%) developed nosocomial infection: 2.0%, 8.9% and 37.7% in obstetric, gynaecologic and nursery patients, respectively. Infections among adults were mostly found in the urinary (44.4%) and lower genital (33.3%) tracts. Among newborns, over 70% of cases were eye and ear (29.8%), skin (26.2%) and blood (19.0%) infections. Gram-negative bacteria caused 65.7% of the infections. Over 90% of the bacterial isolates were multidrug-resistant. About 24% of patients received single or multiple antibiotics; 57.2% were misused. The minimal hospital cost estimate for both nosocomial infections and misused antibiotics was US $318,705. The findings of this study, the first of its type in this region, should prompt improved infection control measures as well as educational and antibiotic restriction interventions.

show abstract

Hospital-acquired infections among obstetric and gynaecological patients at Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of hospital acquired enterococci infections in two primary-care hospitals in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria

Prevalence of hospital acquired enterococci infections in two primary-care hospitals in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria

Antibiogram of nosocomial urinary tract infections in Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Ethiopia

Endemic nosocomial infections and misuse of antibiotics in a maternity hospital in Saudi Arabia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About