Horseshoe appendix: Anatomical variant

Xiang, Hao; Han, Jason; Ridley, William E; Ridley, Lloyd J

doi:10.1111/1754-9485.31_12784

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fistulae between the appendix and the caecum can be congenital or acquired. A congenital communication between the appendix and the caecum is termed a ‘horseshoe appendix’, in contradistinction to an acquired fistula …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A congenital communication between the appendix and the caecum is termed a 'horseshoe appendix', in contradistinction to an acquired fistula. 161 Cases of fistula to the sigmoid, [108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119] ascending colon, 48,139,140 transverse colon 141 and rectum 142 are encountered with a frequency that is roughly concordant with their anatomical proximity to the appendix.…”

Section: Small Bowelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fistulae involving the appendix: a systematic review of the literature

McDonald

Lee

Dean

et al. 2020

ANZ Journal of Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The appendix has a unique place in surgical history. Although the first ever appendicectomy involved a fistula to the skin, fistulae involving the appendix remain uncommon and can lead to unique surgical considerations. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed for case reports of appendiceal fistulae. We excluded cases in which the patient had a history of appendicectomy. Cases were categorized by site and aetiology, with information regarding relative frequency and demographics obtained. Results A total of 301 case reports of fistula involving the appendix were found. The most common sites of these fistulae were to the bladder (148 cases), skin (40 cases), vasculature (19 cases), umbilicus (16 cases) and to the gastrointestinal tract. The most common aetiology in sub‐analysis was appendicitis alone (150 cases), with less common causes including appendiceal adenocarcinoma (32 cases) and congenital abnormalities (18 cases). There were significantly more appendiceal fistulae in males than in females, with a ratio of 1.7:1. In patients with appendiceal adenocarcinoma as a cause for fistula, there were significantly more females than males with a ratio of 2.3:1. Conclusion In conducting a systematic review of case reports of fistulae involving the appendix, we identified 301 unique case reports, with a range of different sites and aetiologies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%