Hormones and the Aging Process

Morley, John E.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2389.2003.51344.x

Cited by 81 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Etminan et al (2003) found that atypical antipsychotic use by residents of long-term care institutions was no more likely to be associated with onset of diabetes than was consumption of benzodiazepines. Nevertheless, diabetes is common in late life due not only to increased development of insulin resistance but also because of decreased insulin production from the pancreatic islets (Morley, 2003). The evidence mentioned above mainly relates to precipitation of diabetes in people known to have schizophrenia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why and how antipsychotic drugs are used in 40 Sydney nursing homes

Snowdon

Day

2005

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why and how antipsychotic drugs are used in 40 Sydney nursing homes

Snowdon

Day

2005

Int. J. Geriat. Psychiatry

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“…This is supported by research that has observed site-specific losses in motor units with advancing age (Aagaard et al 2010). In addition, age-related declines in androgen concentrations may also be playing some role in site-specific sarcopenia (Morley 2003). These decreases in basal levels of circulating hormones have also been implicated in other sarcopenic models (Mitchell et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hormone receptors are upregulated in exercising muscle, but not in nonexercising muscle. Due to possible site-specific reductions in muscle activation, it may be that there is also a decrease in hormonal binding in the anterior portion of the thigh (Morley 2003). Another player in site-specific sarcopenia may be insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of site-specific thigh sarcopenia in Japanese men and women

Abe

Thiebaud

Loenneke

et al. 2013

AGE

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The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of severe sarcopenia detected by total skeletal muscle mass (SM) index and of site-specific thigh sarcopenia for differing age groups in men and women. Japanese nonobese men and women aged 20 to 85 (n=1,994, 55 % women) had muscle thickness (MTH) measured by ultrasound at six sites on the anterior and posterior aspects of the body. SM was estimated from ultrasound-derived prediction equations. Site-specific thigh sarcopenia was calculated using ultrasoundmeasured MTH at the anterior and posterior aspects of the thigh (MTH ratio, anterior 50 %/posterior 50 % thigh MTH (A50/P50 MTH)). Sarcopenia was defined as a SM index (SM divided by height 2 ) of >2 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for young adults. Sitespecific thigh sarcopenia was defined as a ratio of A50/P50 MTH of >2 SD below the mean for young adults. Age was inversely correlated to SM index and A50/P50 MTH in men (r=−0.480 and r=−0.522) and women (r=−0.243 and r=−0.516). The prevalence rate of sarcopenia was less than 3 % for women under the age of 60, 7 % for ages 60-69, and 24 % for ages 70-80. In men, the prevalence rate of sarcopenia was less than 7 % under the age of 50, 18 % for ages 50-59, 33 % for ages 60-69, and 47 % for ages 70-85. Compared to the sarcopenia estimated by SM index, there was a higher prevalence of site-specific thigh sarcopenia observed in both sexes. These results suggest that site-specific thigh sarcopenia appears before it is able to be detected at the whole body level.

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“…Finally, the thyroid hormones triiodo-thyronine (T 3 ) and thyronine (T 4 ) may also influence the cold stress response through their effects on metabolic rate (34). Mean thyroid hormone concentrations tend to be similar in young and older subjects, although hypothyroidism prevalence increases with aging (5,31). When considering the literature regarding cold stress, it is important to note that cold air and cold water impose different physiological stresses, but limited literature in this area precludes limiting the discussion to only cold air exposure studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Responses to mild cold stress are predicted by different individual characteristics in young and older subjects

DeGroot¹,

Havenith²,

Kenney

2006

Journal of Applied Physiology

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ney. Responses to mild cold stress are predicted by different individual characteristics in young and older subjects. J Appl Physiol 101: 1607-1615, 2006. First published August 3, 2006 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00717.2006.-Older individuals' ability to maintain core temperature during cold stress is impaired; however, the relative importance of individual characteristics that influence this response are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative influence of individual characteristics on core temperature and tissue insulation (I t) during mild cold stress. Forty-two young (23 Ϯ 1 yr, range 18 -30 yr) and 46 older (71 Ϯ 1 yr, range 65-89 yr) subjects, varying widely in muscularity, adiposity, and body size, underwent a transient cooling protocol during which esophageal temperature (T es) was measured continuously and I t was calculated using standard equations. Multipleregression analyses were performed to determine predictors of T es and It, and standardized regression coefficients were analyzed to determine the relative influence of each predictor. Candidate predictors included age, sex, weight, body surface area, body surface area-to-mass ratio, sum of skinfolds, percent fat, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, and thyroid hormone concentrations (triiodothyronine, thyronine). The sum of skinfolds explained 67% (P Ͻ 0.01) of the T es variance in young subjects vs. 2% (P ϭ 0.30) in older subjects. Conversely, appendicular skeletal muscle mass explained a greater portion of the variance in older subjects for both T es (older: 28%, P Ͻ 0.01; young: 8%, not significant) and It (older: 46%, P Ͻ 0.01; young: 17%, P Ͻ 0.01). The Tes residual variance was considerably larger in older subjects (59 -72% vs. 14 -42% in young subjects), possibly due to varying rates of physiological aging. These results suggest that the relative influence of individual characteristics changes with aging. core temperature; tissue insulation; body composition; aging EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE SUGGESTS that older individuals are more susceptible to hypothermia than young individuals, with Ͼ50% of deaths due to hypothermia occurring in those aged Ͼ65 yr, an age cohort comprising only ϳ12% of the US population (8). Cross-sectional studies confirm that aged individuals have a relative inability to maintain core temperature

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Hormones and the Aging Process

Cited by 81 publications

References 34 publications

Why and how antipsychotic drugs are used in 40 Sydney nursing homes

Why and how antipsychotic drugs are used in 40 Sydney nursing homes

Prevalence of site-specific thigh sarcopenia in Japanese men and women

Responses to mild cold stress are predicted by different individual characteristics in young and older subjects

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