Hormonal Signaling in the Gut

Côté, Clémence D.; Zadeh-Tahmasebi, Melika; Rasmussen, Brittany A.; Duca, Frank A.; Lam, Tony K.T.

doi:10.1074/jbc.o114.556068

Cited by 62 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Of note, the ileal GLP-1 signaling pathway not only mediates propionate but also LCFA oleate and linoleate sensing in the ileum to lower GP, consistent with the fact that both LCFAs and SCFAs stimulate GLP-1 release (13,36). In addition, our discoveries illustrate that a neuronal network is necessary for ileal SCFA and LCFA sensing to lower GP independent of changes in plasma insulin levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…6A), at a dose of 200 mM, which has previously been shown to stimulate gut peptide release in the ileum (23,31). OA and LA were chosen based on the fact that IL is composed mainly of OA and LA, and that both LCFAs stimulate gut peptide release (36). Independent intraileal 50-min infusion of either OA or LA increased the glucose infusion rate (Fig.…”

Section: Metabolism Of Lcfa In the Ileum And A Glp-1 Receptor-dependementioning

confidence: 99%

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Activation of Short and Long Chain Fatty Acid Sensing Machinery in the Ileum Lowers Glucose Production in Vivo

Zadeh-Tahmasebi

Duca

Rasmussen

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Evidence continues to emerge detailing the myriad of ways the gut microbiota influences host energy homeostasis. Among the potential mechanisms, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the byproducts of microbial fermentation of dietary fibers, exhibit correlative beneficial metabolic effects in humans and rodents, including improvements in glucose homeostasis. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain elusive. We here report that one of the main bacterially produced SCFAs, propionate, activates ileal mucosal free fatty acid receptor 2 to trigger a negative feedback pathway to lower hepatic glucose production in healthy rats in vivo. We further demonstrate that an ileal glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor-dependent neuronal network is necessary for ileal propionate and long chain fatty acid sensing to regulate glucose homeostasis. These findings highlight the potential to manipulate fatty acid sensing machinery in the ileum to regulate glucose homeostasis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Metabolism Of Lcfa In the Ileum And A Glp-1 Receptor-dependementioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Short and Long Chain Fatty Acid Sensing Machinery in the Ileum Lowers Glucose Production in Vivo

Zadeh-Tahmasebi

Duca

Rasmussen

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…During a stressful state, hormone and neuropeptide secretion in the gut ultimately invokes cortisol release from the adrenal gland via signals through the hypothalamus. Gut hormones, namely peptide YY, pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, oxyntomodulin, are components of the GBA associated with eating and satiety, while fasting increases ghrelin secretion (19,20). The GBA also influences intestinal immune cells with neuropeptide messages.…”

Section: The Gbamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, the immune system, and diet influence the neonatal gut–brain axis

2014

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“…For example, the severe impairment of postprandial cholecystokinin (CCK) release as a consequence of duodenal bypass with subsequent development of bile stasis and, inevitably, gallstones, warrants cholecystectomy during the index procedure [4][5][6] Another consideration is exclusion of malignant disease prior to undertaking PPTD. Although not infallible, modalities such as EGD, endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration, magnetic resonance imaging, and intra-operative pathologic analysis are helpful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

More with Less: Pancreas-Preserving Total Duodenectomy

et al. 2014

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A 49-year-old man was initially referred to the hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery team following an incidental discovery of a duodenal ampullary polyp during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), which was carried out for worsening gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms.His past medical history included GERD, colon polyps on screening colonoscopy, and anxiety disorder. His surgical history included only tonsillectomy and no prior abdominal operations. His father had a history of colorectal cancer and his mother colon polyps. The patient did not smoke and drank two glasses of wine per day.Physical examination revealed an alert and oriented patient in no distress. His weight was stable at 80 kg. His abdominal examination revealed a soft and non-tender abdomen with no palpable masses. Laboratory findings were unremarkable. A computed axial tomography (CT) scan revealed an expansile filling defect in the second portion of duodenum without any evidence of duodenal adenopathy, peri-duodenal fat invasion, or distant disease ( Fig. 1). Re-endoscopy revealed a very large polypoid mass protruding from the ampulla of Vater in the second portion of the duodenum. Since the mass was nearly occlusive, it was not amenable to endoscopic resection.Biopsy samples confirmed fragments of adenomatous polyp. A small intestinal radiologic contrast study confirmed the presence of a large polypoid mass with a filling defect spanning over 6 cm.The patient was referred to the hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery team for consideration for surgical resection. Given the size of the lesion and the presumption of benignity (based on biopsy and CT findings), the patient was taken to the operating room for what was planned to most likely be a pancreas-preserving total duodenectomy (PPTD). The case commenced with a cholecystectomy and opening of the cystic duct, which was cannulated with a guidewire to facilitate identification of the ampulla within the polyp. Visualization of the mass via a duodenotomy created at the level of the ampulla of Vater revealed it to be 10 cm with circumferential extension, confirming its near occlusive size within the second portion of the duodenum (Fig. 2). Thus, it was clearly not feasible to pursue a local resection as an ampullectomy. The duodenum was then meticulously freed proximally and distally, except at the ampulla, where the bile duct and pancreatic duct were transected sharply where they entered the duodenal wall. Next, the two ducts were slightly spatulated and sutured together to provide a common channel for a single anastomosis (Fig. 3). A two-layer anastomosis was created between the common ductal channel and the jejunal limb, and a Roux-en-Y reconstruction was fashioned to reestablish gastrointestinal continuity (Fig. 4). A JacksonPratt (JP) drain was placed in the surgical field beneath the biliary and pancreatic anastomosis.Formal pathologic analysis of the resected specimen revealed an adenomatous polyp with focal high-grade dysplasia (Fig. 5). Postoperatively, the patient made a full recov...

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Hormonal Signaling in the Gut

Cited by 62 publications

References 101 publications

Activation of Short and Long Chain Fatty Acid Sensing Machinery in the Ileum Lowers Glucose Production in Vivo

Activation of Short and Long Chain Fatty Acid Sensing Machinery in the Ileum Lowers Glucose Production in Vivo

Gut microbiota, the immune system, and diet influence the neonatal gut–brain axis

More with Less: Pancreas-Preserving Total Duodenectomy

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