Hormonal and testicular changes in rats submitted to congenital hypothyroidism in early life

Aiceles, Verónica; Gombar, Flavia Meireles; Ramos, Cristiane da Fonte

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2016.10.026

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“… 23 Hypothyroidism is linked to a decrease in StAR gene expression, according to certain studies. 24 In hypothyroid rats, the loss in testosterone noted earlier is linked to a decrease in StAR gene expression. 25 Current research also shows that the PCOS group had a lower level of StAR gene expression than the control group and groups that received 2 and 4 mg/kg of PTU compared with the PCOS group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Interplay between polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothyroidism on serum testosterone, oxidative stress and StAR gene expression in female rats

Khodabandeh

Hosseini

Khazali

et al. 2022

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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Introduction Endocrine disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothyroidism can cause infertility. There are evidence that they happen jointly in some circumstances. It still remains unknown, how these two illnesses interact and influence the body. Methods Accordingly, a five‐group was designed, first is the control group, followed by the PCOS group. Estradiol valerate (EV) induced PCOS, the second group had only PCOS and the third, fourth and fifth groups were given varied dosages of propylthiouracil (PTU) to cause hypothyroidism after induction of PCOS. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) expression was measured in the ovaries, and serum was obtained to determine testosterone levels, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) as an antioxidant and malondialdehyde (MDA) as an oxidant. Results Based on radioimmunoassay data, testosterone levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group than the control group, and significantly lower (p ˂ .05) in PTU groups comparing with the PCOS group. According to the quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) data, the same results were obtained for the StAR gene as well. The data also indicated a positive correlation between these two. Although both oxidant and antioxidant level increased in PCOS group compared than control group, after hypothyroidism, oxidant level increased significantly (p ˂ .05), meanwhile antioxidant level decreased significantly (p ˂ .05). Conclusions The results of this study illustrate that the presence of both PCOS and hypothyroidism alters the situation more than just PCOS. They also indicate that this situation is associated with imbalanced oxidative/antioxidative status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In rats with EV‐induced PCOS, Azin et al found an increase in StAR gene expression 23 . Hypothyroidism is linked to a decrease in StAR gene expression, according to certain studies 24 . In hypothyroid rats, the loss in testosterone noted earlier is linked to a decrease in StAR gene expression 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interplay between polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothyroidism on serum testosterone, oxidative stress and StAR gene expression in female rats

Khodabandeh

Hosseini

Khazali

et al. 2022

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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“…10,11 Hypothyroidism also has been associated with uterine hyperplasia and inflammation, a low fertility potential of females and reduction of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in males. 12,13 Besides, over the last decade, accumulating evidence has emerged showing that patients with hypothyroidism are more likely to have SD in both sexes. 14 Carani et al 15 reported that men with hypothyroidism are more inclined to suffer from SD than the healthy controls, such as hypoactive sexual desire (64.3% vs 17.6%), delayed ejaculation (DE) (64.3% vs 2.9%), and erectile dysfunction (ED) (64.3% vs 14.7%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There an Association Between Hypothyroidism and Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Cumulative Analysis

Shen

Wu³

et al. 2021

Sexual Medicine

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Introduction: Many investigators have found a detrimental effect on sexual functioning developed by hypothyroidism in both sexes, but a cumulative analysis has not been conducted. Aim: This study aims to summarize and quantify the association between overt or subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of sexual dysfunction (SD) through a meta-analysis. Methods: 4 electronic databases were systematically searched. The quality of evidence was rated by the GRADE approach. This meta-analysis was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020186967). Main Outcome Measure: The strength of the relationship between overt/subclinical hypothyroidism and SD was quantified by presenting the relative risk (RR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: 7 studies involving 460 patients with hypothyroidism and 2,143 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. Among the 7 included studies, 2 studies were provided the data of both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Pooled results from 4 included studies investigating overt hypothyroidism indicated that overt hypothyroidism led to significant SD in both sexes (RR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.42 to 3.62, P = 0.001), while synthetic RR of 5 eligible studies reporting subclinical hypothyroidism failed to find a positive association between subclinical hypothyroidism and SD (RR = 1.3, 95% CI: 0.85 to 1.99, P = 0.229), irrespective of gender (all P > 0.05). Subgroup analyses revealed that women with overt hypothyroidism rather than men with overt hypothyroidism were correlated with a significant higher risk of SD. The quality of evidence in the study of overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism was considered low and moderate, respectively. Conclusion: SD is a devastating problem in female patients with clinical hypothyroidism but insusceptible in either women or men with subclinical hypothyroidism. Clinicians should be aware of these phenomena and manage the sufferers accordingly in clinical practice. More rigorous studies are still needed to validate this evidence.

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“…The thyroid is a crucial hormone gland involved in the regulation of body growth and metabolic function via release of triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) hormones. An underactive thyroid gland, which could potentially be caused by loss of p75 NTR expression during development of this organ, leads to a decrease in the basic metabolic rate and weight gain, and has been proposed to negatively impact male fertility (Aiceles and da Fonte Ramos, 2016;Aiceles et al, 2017). While it is an intriguing thought that p75 NTR might play a role in thyroid development and / or function, investigating this possibility was beyond the scope of this thesis.…”

Section: Nkx21-icre P75 Wt/inmentioning

confidence: 99%

p75 neurotrophin receptor function in brain development

Meier¹

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Embryonic brain development is a complex process in which expression patterns of receptors and transcription factors control the generation of many different cell types from a common precursor, as well as their subsequent temporal and spatial distribution within different regions of the brain. Although these programs are tightly regulated to ensure formation of functional neuronal networks, the external cues that govern these processes are still largely unknown. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75 NTR) has been identified as a key regulator in the development of a range of cell types, including neural progenitors of the peripheral nervous system. As a cell surface receptor, p75 NTR can initiate direct environment-to-cell communication and coordinate important aspects of neurogenesis including survival, proliferation, specification, migration, and/or differentiation. However, the function of p75 NTR in development of the central nervous system had not been studied comprehensively. The aim of the thesis is to elucidate the role of p75 NTR in brain development and, more specifically, to investigate how neocortical progenitor fate is regulated by p75 NTR using conditional p75 NTR knockout mice. We found that p75 NTR is most highly expressed during cortical development in post-mitotic neuronal cells, but that loss of p75 NTR expression during embryogenesis in progenitor cells has widespread ramifications on the development of the neocortex and basal ganglia due to effects on progenitor populations. Specifically, p75 NTR expression is required for the survival of neuron-specified intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs) and for the generation of appropriate numbers of pyramidal cortical neurons and parvalbumin (PV)-positive interneurons. Without p75 NTR expression, a significant number of IPCs die prior to, or in the process of, undergoing neurogenic divisions, resulting in a depletion of the progenitor pool and subsequent reduction in neuronal production. Furthermore, loss of p75 NTR expression in progenitors of the medial ganglionic eminences (MGE) reduces their ability to generate interneurons in culture and to differentiate into a PV-expressing subtype. In vivo, loss of p75 NTR in the MGE selectively reduces the production of PV-expressing interneurons, presumably caused by reduced activity of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. These results demonstrate that p75 NTR expression is required for normal cortical development by facilitating survival of cortical IPCs.

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Hormonal and testicular changes in rats submitted to congenital hypothyroidism in early life

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Interplay between polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothyroidism on serum testosterone, oxidative stress and StAR gene expression in female rats

Interplay between polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothyroidism on serum testosterone, oxidative stress and StAR gene expression in female rats

Is There an Association Between Hypothyroidism and Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Cumulative Analysis

p75 neurotrophin receptor function in brain development

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