Honor as a value in Finland, Estonia, Italy, Russia, and Switzerland

Abstract

Using the Schwartz Value Model as a basis, the meaning of the value item, honor (sense of honor) was explored in eight samples in Finland (N = 1877) and in five comparable samples of 15- to 17-year-old adolescents in Estonia, Finland, Italy, Russia, and Switzerland (N = 1788). In Finland, honor was a self-enhancement value in all age and occupational groups, although its importance varied widely. An identical pattern was found for Estonian adolescents, but for Swiss adolescents honor was both a selfenhancement and a conservation value and for Italian and Russian adolescents, a pure conservation value. Male adolescents had higher regard for honor than female adolescents in Finland, Russia, and Switzerland, but no sex differences were found in Estonia, Italy or in the Finnish adult samples. In all adolescent samples, honor was associated with work-related values (e.g., hard work, conscientiousness)

Culture and getting to yes : The linguistic signature of creative agreements in the United States and Egypt

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“…Their affiliates strictly abide by dictates of honor, reputation, and masculinity (Behan, ; Paoli, ). These are important and valued sociocultural traits in Mediterranean Countries (Peristiany, )—Italy (Helkama et al., ) and Southern Italy in particular (Schneider & Schneider, )—where COs originated.…”

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