Homosexuality in Turkey: Strategies for Managing Heterosexism

Bakacak, Ayça Gelgeç; Oktem, Pinar

doi:10.1080/00918369.2014.870453

Cited by 45 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Morever, tolerance, compared to discrimination, implies that the stigmatized minority group is accepted to some extent and therefore majority group members may display tolerance more frequently toward a less threatening minority group such as disabled people, compared to the other two groups. This is especially likely in a country such as Turkey where strong heterosexual norms are prevalent (Bakacak & Ōktem, 2014) and ethnicity is one of the major societal dividing lines (Bilali, Iqbal, & Çelik, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Being tolerated and being discriminated against: Links to psychological well‐being through threatened social identity needs

Bağcı

Verkuyten

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et al. 2020

Euro J Social Psych

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We investigated whether and how the experience of being tolerated and of being discriminated against are associated with psychological well-being in three correlational studies among three stigmatized groups in Turkey (LGBTI group members, people with disabilities, and ethnic Kurds, total N = 862). Perceived threat to social identity needs (esteem, meaning, belonging, efficacy, and continuity) was examined as a mediator in these associations. Structural equation models showed evidence for the detrimental role of both toleration and discrimination experiences on positive and negative psychological well-being through higher levels of threatened social identity needs. A mini-meta analysis showed small to moderate effect sizes and toleration was associated with lower positive well-being through threatened needs among all three stigmatized groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Being tolerated and being discriminated against: Links to psychological well‐being through threatened social identity needs

Bağcı

Verkuyten

Koç

et al. 2020

Euro J Social Psych

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“…However, identity development and minority stress theories consider self-acceptance to be a related but separate identity development process, which is negatively affected by minority stressors such as the internalization of heterosexism (Cass, 1979 ; Elizur & Mintzer, 2001 ; Meyer, 2003 ). While lower self-acceptance of sexuality may be a possible outcome of minority stress, greater self-acceptance has also been suggested as an important minority-specific resilience factor within qualitative research and may mitigate the deleterious effects of minority stress on mental health outcomes (Aristegui, Radusky, Zalazar, Lucas, & Sued, 2018 ; Bakacak & Oktem, 2014 ; Mimiaga et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LGBQ+ Self-Acceptance and Its Relationship with Minority Stressors and Mental Health: A Systematic Literature Review

2020

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Many individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, and with other non-heterosexual orientations (LGBQ+) experience stigma, prejudice, and/or discrimination because of their sexuality. According to minority stress and identity development theories, these experiences can contribute to difficulties with self-acceptance of sexuality. Lower self-acceptance is considered a risk factor for adverse mental health outcomes. The current review aims to investigate whether self-acceptance of sexuality is associated with minority stressors or difficulties with mental health in LGBQ+ individuals, as well as whether there are differences in self-acceptance between different sexual orientations. Five bibliographic databases were searched. Thirteen studies were identified which used quantitative methodology to investigate associations between self-acceptance, minority stressors, and/or mental health within LGBQ+ samples, or differences in self-acceptance between different sexual orientations. The results from these cross-sectional studies suggested that lower self-acceptance of sexuality was associated with higher levels of self-reported minority stressors, including a lack of acceptance from friends and family, a lack of disclosure to others, and internalized heterosexism. Lower self-acceptance of sexuality was associated with poorer mental health outcomes, including greater global distress, depression symptoms, and lower psychological well-being. There was no significant relationship with suicidality. Studies also found that LGBQ+ individuals had lower general self-acceptance compared to heterosexual participants, bisexual individuals had lower sexuality self-acceptance compared to lesbian/gay individuals, and lesbian women had lower sexuality self-acceptance compared to gay men. Given the potential importance of self-acceptance for LGBQ+ populations, further research is required with more robust methodology. Self-acceptance could be a potential target in clinical interventions for LGBQ+ individuals.

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“…Homosexuals do not have the right to enter in a registered partnership, marry, adopt children as a couple, or serve in the military. Even despite the requirement for EU accession to protect LGBT rights, traditional family structure and morality embedded in the state create barriers (Bakacak and Oktem, 2014). Accordingly, homosexual individuals in Turkey are not protected legally and face physical and social violence, in both public and private spheres, as empirical studies indicate negative attitudes towards homosexuals among the population (e.g.…”

Section: Setting and Institutional Framework In Eight European Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teachers’ and pupils’ perspectives on homosexuality: A comparative analysis across European countries

Witte

Iterbeke

Holz

2019

International Sociology

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This article offers the first large-scale comparative analysis of pupils’ and teachers’ perspectives on homosexuality using two waves (2013 and 2017) of self-collected data through questionnaires issued in eight European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, the UK, Spain, Poland, Hungary and Turkey. Using these unique data, the authors examine to what extent differences prevail across countries, what mechanisms explain the differences, and how the differences change over time. The results indicate significant differences across countries. Moreover, although a positive trend can be observed between the two waves of the survey, in some countries the general climate towards homosexuality is reversing.

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Homosexuality in Turkey: Strategies for Managing Heterosexism

Cited by 45 publications

References 23 publications

Being tolerated and being discriminated against: Links to psychological well‐being through threatened social identity needs

Being tolerated and being discriminated against: Links to psychological well‐being through threatened social identity needs

LGBQ+ Self-Acceptance and Its Relationship with Minority Stressors and Mental Health: A Systematic Literature Review

Teachers’ and pupils’ perspectives on homosexuality: A comparative analysis across European countries

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