Homelessness among youth who identify as LGBTQ+: A systematic review

McCann, Edward; Brown, Michael

doi:10.1111/jocn.14818

Cited by 80 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, emerging reports have documented the unique concerns and challenges experienced by gay men and other MSM during the COVID-19 pandemic, including mental health impacts resulting from anti-gay community backlash, arrests under false pretexts, and loss of privacy during contact tracing and monitoring for COVID-19 [10,11]. Furthermore, many gay men and other MSM may be in industries that are more prone to COVID-19 disruptions, or at increased risk for unemployment, unstable housing, and food insecurity, making them more vulnerable to COVID-19′s economic and health impacts compared to the general population [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Moreover, gay men and other MSM also have disproportionately higher unemployment rates relative to the general population [14,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men

et al. 2020

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There is an urgent need to measure the impacts of COVID-19 among gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM). We conducted a cross-sectional survey with a global sample of gay men and other MSM (n = 2732) from April 16, 2020 to May 4, 2020, through a social networking app. We characterized the economic, mental health, HIV prevention and HIV treatment impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 response, and examined whether subgroups of our study population are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. Many gay men and other MSM not only reported economic and mental health consequences, but also interruptions to HIV prevention and testing, and HIV care and treatment services. These consequences were significantly greater among people living with HIV, racial/ethnic minorities, immigrants, sex workers, and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. These findings highlight the urgent need to mitigate the negative impacts of COVID-19 among gay men and other MSM. Keywords COVID-19 • Economic impact • Mental health • HIV • AIDS • Gay • Men who have sex with men Resumen Existe una necesidad urgente para medir los impactos de COVID-19 entre hombres gay y otros hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Hemos conducido una encuesta multifuncional con una prueba mundial de hombres gay y otros HSH (n = 2732) desde el 16 de Abril hasta el 4 de Mayo del 2020, a través de una aplicación de red social. Nosotros caracterizamos los impactos económicos, de salud mental, prevención del VIH y tratamiento del VIH e impactos a COVID-19 y la respuesta de COVID-19, y examinamos si subgrupos de nuestra población de estudio fueron impactados desproporcionadamente por COVID-19. Muchos hombres no tan solo reportaron consecuencias económicas y de salud mental, sino también interrupciones de prevención y de pruebas de VIH, y cuidado del VIH y servicios de tratamiento. Encontramos consecuencias más significantes entre personas viviendo con VIH, grupos raciales/etnicos, migrantes, sexo servidores, y groupos socioeconomicamente disfavorecidos. Los resultados subrayan la necesidad crucial de mitigar los impactos multifacéticos de COVID-19 entre los hombres homosexuales y otros HSH, especialmente para aquellos con vulnerabilidades entrelazadas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men

et al. 2020

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“…Transgender students may have their financial aid applications delayed or denied due to a mismatch between their gender identity and sex assigned at birth or mismatch due to legal name changes (Burns, 2017). Notably, LGBTQ individuals face the risk of being kicked out of their homes or may feel that remaining at home would be a threat to their safety, which may explain why LGBTQ individuals are 20%–40% of the population going through homelessness but only 5%–10% of the general population (Ecker, 2016; McCann & Brown, 2019). Together, LGBTQ students may be hit harder by the financial impact of pursuing graduate school compared with their cisgender heterosexual peers, and overall, racial/ethnic minority and LGBTQ students may be more critical of funding considerations and possible debt when considering graduate school, compared with their non‐Hispanic White and cisgender heterosexual peers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical psychology PhD students' admission experiences: Implications for recruiting racial/ethnic minority and LGBTQ students

et al. 2020

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Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore differences in the clinical psychology PhD program admissions experience (i.e., interviewing and decision-making) by race/ ethnicity and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) identity. Methods: Participants were 803 students (24% racial/ethnic minority; 19% LGBTQ) enrolled in US clinical psychology PhD programs. Two-group comparisons tested for differences in admission experiences by race/ethnicity and LGBTQ identity. Results: Racial/ethnic minority and LGBTQ students considered a programmatic commitment to diversity as more important in application decisions compared to non-Hispanic White and cisgender heterosexual students, respectively. LGBTQ students were more likely to be advised to not discuss personal information (e.g., sexual orientation) than cisgender heterosexual students. Racial/ethnic minority and LGBTQ students identified financial considerations and program outcomes as more important in their decision-making compared with non-Hispanic White and cisgender heterosexual students, respectively. Conclusion: Increasing funding and fostering authentic training environments should be prioritized in institutional conversations around recruiting racial/ethnic minority and LGBTQ trainees.

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“…Homelessness is associated with adverse outcomes in youth, including poor mental and physical health, high risk health behaviors, poor cognitive and academic functioning, and emergency room visits and hospitalizations (Weinreb et al, 1998; Edidin et al, 2012). Transgender/gender diverse (TGD) youth (i.e., those whose experience of their gender does not match their birth-assigned sex) may be at an increased risk for experiencing homelessness compared to their cisgender peers, due to discrimination and stigma (Pew Research Center, n.d.) or factors such as substance use and mental health issues, which are more prevalent among TGD youth (Eisenberg et al, 2017; McCann and Brown, 2019). Although family homelessness may be due to financial circumstance similar to other youth populations, TGD youth may be at particular risk for being homeless unaccompanied as a result of being asked to leave their family home over conflict surrounding their gender identity (Quintana et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homelessness experiences and gender identity in a population-based sample of adolescents

Eisenberg

Kelly

McRee

et al. 2019

Preventive Medicine Reports

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This paper examines the prevalence of homelessness among transgender/gender diverse (TGD) youth in a population-based sample of adolescents. We used data from a statewide sample of 9th and 11th grade adolescents in Minnesota who responded to a school-based survey during 2016 (N = 80,929). Survey questions assessed adolescents' gender identity and experiences of homelessness (either with adult family members or unaccompanied) in the past 12 months. We used chi-square analyses to compare the prevalence of homelessness between gender identity groups. Overall, 2.7% of the sample reported identifying as TGD. Significantly more TGD (vs. cisgender) youth reported experiencing homelessness either with adult family members (6.7% vs. 3.5%) or unaccompanied (3.6% vs. 1.1%; p < .0001). Findings from this population-based survey suggest that TGD youth are more likely to experience homelessness, either with a family member or unaccompanied, than cisgender peers. Ensuring housing stability among this population is critical, given health risks associated with homelessness during adolescence. Data on homelessness experiences of TGD youth are needed to inform practice and policies for this distinct population.

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Homelessness among youth who identify as LGBTQ+: A systematic review

Abstract: Author contributions: EM and MB designed the review, conducted searches, critical appraisal and analysis of the data. Both authors reviewed drafts and prepared and finalised the review for publication.

Cited by 80 publications

References 45 publications

Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men

Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men

Clinical psychology PhD students' admission experiences: Implications for recruiting racial/ethnic minority and LGBTQ students

Homelessness experiences and gender identity in a population-based sample of adolescents

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