Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men

Santos, Glenn-Milo; Ackerman, Benjamin; Rao, Amrita; Wallach, Sara; Ayala, George; Lamontage, Erik; Garner, Alex; Holloway, Ian W.; Arreola, Sonya; Silenzio, Vincent; Strömdahl, Susanne; Yu, Lisa; Strong, Carol; Adamson, Tyler; Yakusik, Anna; Doan, Tran T.; Huang, Po-Yao; Cerasuolo, Damiano; Bishop, Amie; Noori, Teymur; Pharris, Anastasia; Aung, Max T.; Dara, Masoud; Chung, Ssu Yu; Hanley, Marguerite; Baral, Stefan; Beyrer, Chris; Howell, Sean

doi:10.1007/s10461-020-02969-0

Cited by 191 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The IPrEP study procedures were successfully and rapidly modified in the context of COVID-19 to allow for physical distancing while ensuring uninterrupted, safe use of PrEP. Of note, study participants did not experience disrupted access to health care and PrEP specifically, as reported in other settings [ 19 – 21 ], due to special measures taken by the study investigators, e.g., distribution of HIVST kits and remote interviewing, put in place to minimize the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on access to healthcare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Life in the Balance: Young Female Sex Workers in Kenya Weigh the Risks of COVID-19 and HIV

et al. 2021

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Life in the Balance: Young Female Sex Workers in Kenya Weigh the Risks of COVID-19 and HIV

et al. 2021

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“…Detailed study design and procedures are discussed elsewhere. 19 The study was conducted between 16 April and 3 August 2020 and survey eligibility included participants who: (1) reported to be at least 18 years old and (2) provided an electronic written consent.…”

Section: Study Design and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising the impact of COVID-19 environment on mental health, gender affirming services and socioeconomic loss in a global sample of transgender and non-binary people: a structural equation modelling

et al. 2021

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BackgroundWe characterised the impact of COVID-19 on the socioeconomic conditions, access to gender affirmation services and mental health outcomes in a sample of global transgender (trans) and non-binary populations.MethodsBetween 16 April 2020 and 3 August 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with a global sample of trans and non-binary people (n=849) through an online social networking app. We conducted structural equational modelling procedures to determine direct, indirect and overall effects between poor mental health (ie, depression and anxiety) and latent variables across socioecological levels: social (ie, reduction in gender affirming services, socioeconomic loss impact) and environmental factors (ie, COVID-19 pandemic environment).ResultsAnxiety (45.82%) and depression (50.88%) in this sample were prevalent and directly linked to COVID-19 pandemic environment. Adjusted for gender identity, age, migrant status, region, education and level of socioeconomic status, our final model showed significant positive associations between relationships of (1) COVID-19 pandemic environment and socioeconomic loss impact (β=0.62, p<0.001), (2) socioeconomic loss impact and reduction in gender affirming services (β=0.24, p<0.05) and (3) reduction in gender affirming services and poor mental health (β=0.19, p<0.05). Moreover, socioeconomic loss impact and reduction in gender affirming services were found to be partial mediators in this model.ConclusionThe study results supported the importance of bolstering access to gender affirming services and strengthening socioeconomic opportunities and programmatic support to buffer the impact of COVID-19 pandemic environment on poor mental health among trans and non-binary communities globally.

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“…In recent years there has been welcome progress made on the management of HIV within the community. Two studies with gay men and men who have sex with men are showing that there were worries that the disruption in testing, prevention, and treatment services may start to see more men who have sex with men (MSM) vulnerable to increases in the disease [122,123].…”

Section: Reproductive Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men and COVID-19: the aftermath

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2020

Postgraduate Medicine

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The global pandemic as a result of the SARS-CoV2 virus has seen over 16 m people infected and over 650,000 deaths, with men at double the risk of both developing the severe form of the disease and mortality. There are both biological (sex) and socio-cultural (gender) factors, compounded by socioeconomic factors and ethnicity, that impact on the aftermath of what has occurred over the short time that this novel coronavirus has been circulating the world. The potential lifelong morbidity as a result of the infection and as a consequence of highly invasive critical care treatment needs to be factored into the rehabilitation of survivors. There are also many men whose lives will have been severely affected both physically and emotionally by the pandemic without ever contracting the disease, with the widespread disruption to normal existence and its impact on their social world and the economy. The implications of the closure of many healthcare services over the initial lockdown will also have both a shorter-and longer-term impact on other diseases due to missed early diagnosis and disrupted treatment regimes. Getting effective public health messages out to the population is critical and this current pandemic is demonstrating that there needs to be a more focused view on men's health behavior. Without effective public support for preventative action, the more likely the disease will continue its path unabated. This review explores the wider ramifications of the disease both for those men who have survived the disease and those that have been affected by the wider social effects of the pandemic. The pandemic should be a wake-up call for all involved in the planning and delivery of health and social care for the greater attention to the central role of sex and gender.

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Economic, Mental Health, HIV Prevention and HIV Treatment Impacts of COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Response on a Global Sample of Cisgender Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men

Cited by 191 publications

References 47 publications

Life in the Balance: Young Female Sex Workers in Kenya Weigh the Risks of COVID-19 and HIV

Life in the Balance: Young Female Sex Workers in Kenya Weigh the Risks of COVID-19 and HIV

Characterising the impact of COVID-19 environment on mental health, gender affirming services and socioeconomic loss in a global sample of transgender and non-binary people: a structural equation modelling

Men and COVID-19: the aftermath

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