Home Range and Habitat Use of Coyotes in Southeastern Colorado

Gese, Eric M.; Rongstad, Orrin J.; Mytton, William R.

doi:10.2307/3800923

Cited by 150 publications

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“…Individuals were classified as pups (<12 months old), yearlings (12-24 months old), or adults (>24 months old). Coyotes were classed as members of a resident pack or as transient individuals following Bowen (1978) and Gese et al (1988). Dispersing coyotes were identified as residents permanently leaving their established territory or animals entering the valley that were not known residents or transients (i.e., they had dispersed from elsewhere).…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiotelemetry locations that delineate non-overlapping home ranges between social units have been used to infer territoriality among North American canids (e.g., Mech 1973;Fritts and Mech 1981;Gese et al 1988;Fuller 1989). Evidence of territorial behavior has been documented from reports of intraspecific strife and collection of carcasses of animals killed by conspecifics along territory borders (Van Ballenberghe and Erickson 1973;Mech 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Territorial defense by coyotes (Canis latrans) in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: who, how, where, when, and why

Gese¹

2001

Can. J. Zool.

101

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Territorial defense and maintenance are an important facet of the social ecology of most carnivore species. From January 1991 to June 1993, we observed 54 coyotes (Canis latrans) for 2507 h in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, during which we observed 112 instances of territory defense. The identity of the coyotes involved in challenging and evicting intruding animals was known. Alpha coyotes were most likely to be involved in territorial evictions of intruding animals, followed by beta individuals; pups participated little in territory defense. Coyotes evicting intruders generally had a numerical advantage when challenging the intruders. Territory-defense rates were highest during and immediately after the breeding season and during the time of pup emergence from the den. All chases of intruders ended at the boundary of the resident coyote pack's territory. Physical contact between the intruding animal and resident pack members occurred with no intruders being killed or seriously injured. Physical contact consisted of fighting and ritualized behaviors, with only a few instances in which fighting led to blood being drawn or minor injuries to the intruder. Most encounters resulted in a hasty retreat from the area by the intruder(s). While indirect means of territory maintenance (i.e., howling and scent-marking) were utilized by resident packs, trespassing still occurred and direct confrontation was needed to enforce boundaries and assert occupancy against other resident packs, as well as against lone intruders seeking territory vacancies. Territoriality was advantageous in that territory holders generally had higher survival rates (except pups), contributed all the reproductive effort to the population, and had greater access to food resources. In contrast, nonterritorial animals had lower survival rates, did not breed, and had reduced access to food (ungulate carcasses) during winter.Résumé : La défense et la conservation du territoire constituent une facette importante de l'écologie sociale de la plupart des espèces de carnivores. De janvier 1991 à juin 1993, nous avons observé 54 coyotes (Canis latrans) pendant 2507 h dans le parc national de Yellowstone, au Wyoming, au cours desquelles nous avons étudié 112 cas de défense de territoire. Les coyotes qui ont défié et chassé des intrus de leur territoire ont été identifiés. Les coyotes alpha sont plus enclins à évincer les intrus de leur territoire, suivis des coyotes bêta; les petits participent peu à la défense territoriale. Les coyotes qui évincent des intrus ont généralement l'avantage numérique lorsqu'ils les poursuivent. La fré-quence des cas de défense territoriale est maximale pendant et immédiatement après la saison de reproduction et au moment de la sortie des petits des terriers. Toutes les poursuites observées ont pris fin à la frontière du territoire de la meute résidante. Les contacts physiques entre intrus et résidants de la meute n'ont jamais abouti à la mort d'un intrus, ni même à des blessures graves. Les contacts physiques se limit...

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Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Territorial defense by coyotes (Canis latrans) in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: who, how, where, when, and why

Gese¹

2001

Can. J. Zool.

101

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“…Coyotes were classified either as members of a resident pack or as transients. Resident packs used and actively defended one unique area or territory, and transients displayed nomadic movements over a large area (Bowen 1981;Gese et al 1988).…”

Section: Study Area and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and nutritional factors influencing the dispersal of resident coyotes

1996

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“…Triangulation angles were maintained between 20" and 160" (Gese et al 1988). Animal positions were determined using the software package Locate (Pacer Ltd., Truro, N.S.).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerial telemetry (Mech 1983) was employed to locate missing animals. Coyotes were considered to be resident pack members if they were sharing the same territory (Gese et al 1988).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term spatial stability of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges in southeastern Colorado

Kitchen¹,

Gese²,

Schauster³

2000

Can. J. Zool.

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Long-term stability of territorial boundaries has not been well documented in canids. To evaluate the prevalence of long-term spatial stability of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges, we compared the overlap of territorial boundaries and the spatial distribution of telemetry locations of packs in southeastern Colorado. From August 1983 to July 1988 (period l), 16 coyotes from six packs were radio-tracked. From April 1996 to August 1997 (period 2), 12 coyotes from six packs were captured and tracked in the same area. Mean percentage of overlap of pack ranges was 89.8 * 8.3% (+SD) for period 1 ranges over period 2 ranges and 55.8 * 14.4% for period 2 ranges over period 1 ranges. Mean percentage of overlap of the 30% core area of the home ranges was 65.2 * 13.9% for those of period 1 over those of period 2 and 66.3 * 28.7% for those of period 2 over those of period 1. Despite substantial overlap of home-range and core-use areas, there were significant differences in the distribution of locations between periods in five of six home ranges. This suggests that, although packs are faithful to one site (i.e., boundaries remain similar over a period of years), their use of the site (i.e., distribution of locations within the range) may change temporally.RCsumC : La stabilitC B long terme des limites territoriales chez les canidCs est encore ma1 connue. Dans le but d7Cvaluer la stabilitC spatiale B long terme des domaines chez le Coyote (Canis latrans), nous avons comparC le chevauchement des limites territoriales et la rkpartition spatiale des repCrages ttltmCtriques chez des meutes du sud-est du Colorado. D'aoQt 1983 B juillet 1998 (pCriode l), 16 coyotes appartenant B six meutes on Ct C repCrCs par radio. D'avril 1996 B aoQt 1997 (pkriode 2), 12 coyotes appartenant B six meutes ont Ct C capturks et suivis dans la meme zone. Le chevauchement moyen des meutes exprim6 en pourcentage a Ct C de 89,8 * 8,3 % (Ccart type) dans le cas des domaines enregistrks durant la pCriode 1 par rapport B ceux enregistrCs durant la ptriode 2 et de 55,8 * 14,4 % dans le cas des domaines enregistres durant la pCriode 2 par rapport B ceux de la pCriode 1. Le chevauchement moyen de la portion centrale (30 %) des domaines a Ct C de 65,2 rt 13,9 % (pCriode 1 sur pCriode 2) et de 66,3 * 28,7 % (pCriode 2 sur PCriode 1). En dCpit du chevauchement important des domaines et des zones-centrales, il y avait des diffkrences significatives de la rCpartition des sites de repCrage entre les pCriodes dans cinq des six domaines. Ces rCsultats indiquent que malgrC la fidClitC des meutes B un endroit (i.e., similitude des limites durant plusieurs annCes), l'utilisation de l'endroit (i.e., rCpartition des sites de repCrage dans le domaine) peut changer temporairement.[Traduit par la RCdaction]

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Home Range and Habitat Use of Coyotes in Southeastern Colorado

Cited by 150 publications

References 0 publications

Territorial defense by coyotes (Canis latrans) in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: who, how, where, when, and why

Territorial defense by coyotes (Canis latrans) in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: who, how, where, when, and why

Social and nutritional factors influencing the dispersal of resident coyotes

Long-term spatial stability of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges in southeastern Colorado

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