Home‐Based Work and Women’s Labor Force Decisions

Edwards, Linda N.; Field-Hendrey, Elizabeth

doi:10.1086/323936

Cited by 103 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, a limitation of the dataset is the set of control variables. Clearly, variables such as marital status and the number of children have been shown to be important in explaining the entrepreneurial engagement of women (Edwards and Field-Hendrey 2002;Parker 2009, Ch. 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The entrepreneurial ladder, gender, and regional development

2011

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Gender differences at five levels of entrepreneurial engagement are explained using country effects while controlling for individual-level variables. We distinguish between individuals who have never considered starting up a business, those who are thinking about it, and nascent, young, and established entrepreneurs. We use a large international dataset that includes respondents from 32 European countries, three Asian countries, and the United States. Findings show that cross-country gender differences are largest in the first and final transitions of the entrepreneurial process. In particular, some European transition economies are characterized by relatively low propensities of women to convert start-up considerations into startup activities and low survival rates of businesses started by women.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The entrepreneurial ladder, gender, and regional development

2011

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“…The following control variables are also included: a dummy for Female gender; a dummy for whether the individual is responsible for Young Children (aged under six years); and a continuous variable measuring Household Size. These factors have all been emphasized in previous work (Edwards and Field-Hendrey 2002). Participation in start-ups is also known to vary by ethnicity (Kim et.…”

Section: Whether To Try a Start-up: Screener Variablesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Intrapreneurship or entrepreneurship?

Parker

2011

Journal of Business Venturing

321

211

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.

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“…However, two problems occur: Eurostat reports that low participation rates among women are mainly driven by family related reasons, as they have to balance work and family life. This is confirmed by empirical evidence showing that female labor supply is very responsive to child care policies (Lefebvre and Merrigan, 2008;Schone, 2004;Gelbach, 2002) and that non-traditional work arrangements with a high degree of flexibility-such as home-based work-particularly attract women (Edwards and Field-Hendrey, 2002). Therefore, women's preferences for flexible working schemes and limited availability of those jobs (e.g., within the OECD, only 15% of jobs are part-time) makes an integration into the labor market difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Getting back into the labor market: the effects of start-up subsidies for unemployed females

Caliendo

Künn

2015

J Popul Econ

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu Terms of use: Documents in D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E S ABSTRACT Getting Back into the Labor Market: The Effects of Start-Up Subsidies for Unemployed Females *A shortage of skilled labor and low female labor market participation are problems many developed countries have to face. Besides activating inactive women, one possible solution is to support the re-integration of unemployed women. Due to female-specific labor market constraints (preferences for flexible working hours, discrimination), this is a difficult task, and the question arises whether active labor market policies (ALMP) are an appropriate tool to do so. Promoting self-employment among the unemployed might be promising. Starting their own business might give women more independence and flexibility in allocating their time to work and family. Access to long-term informative data allows us to close existing research gaps, and we investigate the impact of two start-up programs on long-run labor market and fertility outcomes of female participants. We find that start-up programs persistently integrate former unemployed women into the labor market and partly improve their income situations. The impact on fertility is less detrimental than for traditional ALMP programs. JEL Classification:J68, C14, H43

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Home‐Based Work and Women’s Labor Force Decisions

Cited by 103 publications

References 8 publications

The entrepreneurial ladder, gender, and regional development

The entrepreneurial ladder, gender, and regional development

Intrapreneurship or entrepreneurship?

Getting back into the labor market: the effects of start-up subsidies for unemployed females

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