Holographic nanoparticle-polymer composites based on radical-mediated thiol-yne photopolymerizations: characterization and shift-multiplexed holographic digital data page storage

Photopolymerizable nanocomposite photonic materials and their holographic applications in light and neutron optics

“…However, in order to explain various experimental observations (e.g. a strong grating-spacing dependence on [ 35 , 41 , 47 , 71 , 72 , 74 , 76 ]) and to make the material optimization possible for specific applications, one needs to establish a more appropriate statistical thermodynamic model that accurately takes the interaction of nanoparticles with monomer and the formed polymer [ 119 ] into account.…”

“…Such large shrinkage happens because the van der Waals distance between monomer molecules before polymerization is converted to the covalent bond distance upon polymerization so that the resulting polymerization-induced microscopic free volume loss exhibits 22.5 ml shrinkage/mol polymerized for chain growth MA photopolymers and causes macroscopic volume shrinkage [ 163 , 164 ]. To further mitigate polymerization shrinkage occurring in NPC films during recording, Hata et al [ 73 – 75 ], and Mitsube et al [ 76 ] proposed the use of TE and TY photopolymerizations that proceed via a step growth radical addition mechanism for volume holographic recording in NPCs. Using such a new NPC system, Momose et al demonstrated holographic shift multiplexing of more than one hundred 2D digital data pages with high fidelity readout [ 78 , 79 ].…”

“…Mitsube et al [ 76 ] employed the stoichiometric composition of a TY monomer blend consisting of trithiol monomer, trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), and diyne monomer, 1, 7-octadiyne, together with a co-monomer, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP), as a plasticizer to disperse nanoparticles. They showed that the TY-based NPC incorporating 20 vol.% -pagination nanoparticles gave as large as 0.008 and S as high as 2220 cm/J at a recording and readout wavelength of 532 nm.…”

“…It was also found that could be reduced to 1.0% by the dispersion of 32 vol.% HPS organic nanoparticles. These results can be compared with the results by use of TE (TY)-based NPCs incorporating HBP organic nanoparticles, which gave as large as ( ) and as low as 0.3% (0.6%) at grating spacing of 1 m [ 73 , 76 ]. It follows that the use of free radical-mediated step growth polymerizations in HBP nanoparticle-dispersed NPCs is better to achieve large , high S , and low for HDS applications.…”

Optical Dispersion Characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol Reinforced with a Nanoceramic Filler

“…In other words, the incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles in a polymer matrix determined great achievements in the properties of the reinforced material [4,5]. Optical and dielectric characteristics of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) have received a particular attention because of their importance in manufacturing components for optoelectronic devices, such as antireflection coatings [6], holographic optical elements [7], radiation shielding layers [8], encapsulants for light emitting diodes or solar cells [9], waveguides [10] etc. However, besides the numerous advantages of PNCs, the low value of refractive index (n) limits their some optical uses where high-n is needed [11].…”