Holocene variability of the Kuroshio Current in the Okinawa Trough, northwestern Pacific Ocean

Jian, Zhimin; Wang, Pinxian; Saito, Yoshiki; Wang, Jiliang; Pflaumann, Uwe; Oba, Tadamichi; Cheng, Xiao

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(00)00321-6

Cited by 343 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…4d, S1). A similar pattern is seen in by records from the Korean peninsula (Fujiki and Yasuda, 2004;Nahm et al, 2006) and in marine records from the East China Sea (Li et al, 1997) and the Japan Sea (Jian et al, 2000;Schöne et al, 2004). Thus, after spatial-temporal analyses, the two primary signals revealed in PCA analysis over the whole region can be interpreted as indices of the Asian Summer Monsoon subsystems with PC1 indicating the Indian Summer Monsoon and PC2 the East Asian Summer Monsoon.…”

Section: The Asynchronous Nature Of the Asian Monsoonal Subsystems: Psupporting

confidence: 69%

Asynchronous evolution of the Indian and East Asian Summer Monsoon indicated by Holocene moisture patterns in monsoonal central Asia

Wang

Liu

Herzschuh

2010

Earth-Science Reviews

288

106

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oThe numerical meta-analysis of 92 proxy records (72 sites) of moisture and/or temperature change confirms earlier findings that the dominant trends of climatic evolution in monsoonal central Asia since the Last Glacial roughly parallel changes in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, i.e. the period following the Last Glacial Maximum was characterized by dry and cold conditions until 15 cal. kyr BP, followed by a warm, wet period coincident with the Bølling/Allerød warm period and terminated by a cold, dry reversal during the Younger Dryas period. After an abrupt increase at the start of the Holocene, warm and wet conditions prevailed until ca. 4 cal. kyr BP when moisture levels and temperatures started to decrease. Ordination of moisture records reveals strong spatial heterogeneity in moisture evolution during the last 10 cal. kyr. The Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) areas (northern India, Tibetan Plateau and southwest China) exhibit maximum wet conditions during the early Holocene, while many records from the area of the East Asian Summer Monsoon indicate relatively dry conditions, especially in north-central China where the maximum moisture levels occurred during the mid-Holocene. We assign such phenomena to strengthened Hadley Circulation centered over the Tibetan Plateau during the early Holocene which resulted in subsidence in the East Asian monsoonal regions leading to relatively dry conditions. Our observations of the asynchronous nature of the two Asian monsoon subsystems on millennial time scales have also been observed on annual time-scales as well as implied through the spatial analysis of vertical air motion patterns after strong ascending airflows over the Tibetan Plateau area that were calculated from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for the last 30 years. Analogous with the early Holocene, the enhancement of the ISM in a 'future warming world' will result in an increase in the asynchronous nature of the monsoon subsystems; this trend is already observed in the meteorological data from the last 15 years.

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Section: The Asynchronous Nature Of the Asian Monsoonal Subsystems: Psupporting

confidence: 69%

Asynchronous evolution of the Indian and East Asian Summer Monsoon indicated by Holocene moisture patterns in monsoonal central Asia

Wang

Liu

Herzschuh

2010

Earth-Science Reviews

288

106

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“…1), indicating that it is a robust regional pattern in the northern OT. Previous studies also suggest that the strength of the Kuroshio was weakened abruptly during the late Holocene (Jian et al, 2000a;Li et al, 1997;Shieh et al, 1997), a mysterious short-lived episode that may imply a weakened Kuroshio. It was possible to find this event in CSH1 (Fig.…”

Section: Multiproxy Hydrographic Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the northern OT and the southern Kyushu, the main axis of the Kuroshio turns eastward, crosses the Ryukyu Arc through the Tokara Strait and then continues to flow northeastwardly into the northwestern Pacific Ocean at ∼ 38 • N. Another branch of the Kuroshio, the TWC, flows into the Sea of Japan through the Tsushima Strait. Because of the strong intrusion of the Kuroshio, the hydrographies are characterized by high temperature and salinity as well as a great depth of the thermocline (DOT) in the OT (Jian et al, 2000a). In contrast, the hydrographies are characterized by lower temperature and salinity and shallow DOT in the adjacent ECS shelves.…”

Section: Oceanographic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiproxy reconstruction for Kuroshio responses to northern hemispheric oceanic climate and the Asian Monsoon since Marine Isotope Stage 5.1 (∼88 ka)

Shi

Zou

et al. 2014

Clim. Past

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Abstract. The Kuroshio, a western boundary current in the northwestern Pacific, plays a key role in regulating ocean and climate in East Asia. The evolution of the Kuroshio and its branches has been the focus of paleoceanographic studies. In this study, we applied a multiproxy (grain size, planktonic foraminiferal species, δ 18 O, alkenone sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity) reconstruction from sediment core CSH1, which is located at the main axis of the Tsushima Warm Current, a branch of the Kuroshio, in the northern Okinawa Trough (OT). This study, extended the paleoceanographic record of the Kuroshio to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.1 (∼ 88 ka) from the far northern site in the OT. Planktonic foraminiferal species identified from this core contain warm-water species related to the Kuroshio and coldwater species related to subarctic water mass. The relative abundances of the warm-water species are high during MIS 1 and MIS 5.1, while cold-water species are high during MIS 2. An organic biomarker proxy, alkenone SST measured from core CSH1 ranges between 21 and 25 • C, with higher values during interglacials (MIS 1, 3.3, 5.1) and interstadials and lower values during glacials and Heinrich (H)/stadial events. Sea surface salinity (SSS) and the depth of the thermocline (DOT), reconstructed based on foraminifera isotopes and faunas, indicate dominant Kuroshio responses to an abrupt climate change event recorded in Greenland ice cores and in stalagmites in East China since ∼ 88 ka. The CSH1 SSS appears to be mainly controlled by the local river runoff and the Kuroshio, while the DOT change seems to be closely related to the strength of the Kuroshio and the latitudinal shift of the subarctic frontal zone. Our records suggest that, during MIS 1 and MIS 5.1, while global sea level was high, the Kuroshio was dominant; while during MIS 2, MIS 3 and MIS 4, with a low sea level, stronger winter Asian Monsoon (AM) and a more southerly subarctic front played important roles in governing the hydrographic characteristics in the OT. Spectral analysis of our multiproxy hydrographic records shows a dominant precessional period at ∼ 24 ka. Our hydrographic records, such as SST, SSS and DOT, from a site near the modern Tsushima Warm Current show regional responses corresponding mainly to the global sea level, the Kuroshio, AM and subarctic front, factors which are consistently invoked in the interpretations of other regional records from the OT.

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“…Seawater transported by the Kuroshio current flows from 19 to 47 Sv (Sverdrup, 1 Sv = 10 6 m 3 /s) in the East China Sea [28,[33][34][35] and is an important source of heat for the atmosphere in the global heat balance [36]. Changes in the intensity and volume input of the Kuroshio current can significantly influence seawater character, biogeochemical cycles, and climate in the northwestern Pacific (e.g., [26,27,[37][38][39][40]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Compositional Variability of the Major Components of Hydrothermal Plumes in the Okinawa Trough

et al. 2018

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Studies of the major components of hydrothermal plumes in seafloor hydrothermal fields are critical for an improved understanding of biogeochemical cycles and the large-scale distribution of elements in the submarine environment. The composition of major components in hydrothermal plume water column samples from 25 stations has been investigated in the middle and southern Okinawa Trough. The physical and chemical properties of hydrothermal plume water in the Okinawa Trough have been affected by input of the Kuroshio current, and its influence on hydrothermal plume water from the southern Okinawa Trough to the middle Okinawa Trough is reduced. The anomalous layers of seawater in the hydrothermal plume water columns have higher K + , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , B 3+ , Ca 2+ /SO 4 2− , and Mn 2+ /Mg 2+ ratios and higher optical anomalies than other layers. The Mg 2+ , SO 4 2− , Mg 2+ /Ca 2+ , and SO 4 2− /Mn 2+ ratios of the anomalous layers are lower than other layers in the hydrothermal plume water columns and are consistent with concentrations in hydrothermal vent fluids in the Okinawa Trough. This suggests that the chemical variations of hydrothermal plumes in the Tangyin hydrothermal field, like other hydrothermal fields, result in the discharge of high K + , Ca 2+ , and B 3+ and low Mg 2+ and SO 4 2− fluid. Furthermore, element ratios (e.g., Sr 2+ /Ca 2+ , Ca 2+ /Cl − ) in hydrothermal plume water columns were found to be similar to those in average seawater, indicating that Sr 2+ /Ca 2+ and Ca 2+ /Cl − ratios of hydrothermal plumes might be useful proxies for chemical properties of seawater. The hydrothermal K + , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , and B 3+ flux to seawater in the Okinawa Trough is about 2.62-873, 1.04-326, 1.30-76.4, and 0.293-34.7 × 10 6 kg per year, respectively. The heat flux is about 0.159-1,973 × 10 5 W, which means that roughly 0.0006% of ocean heat is supplied by seafloor hydrothermal plumes in the Okinawa Trough.

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Holocene variability of the Kuroshio Current in the Okinawa Trough, northwestern Pacific Ocean

Cited by 343 publications

References 34 publications

Asynchronous evolution of the Indian and East Asian Summer Monsoon indicated by Holocene moisture patterns in monsoonal central Asia

Asynchronous evolution of the Indian and East Asian Summer Monsoon indicated by Holocene moisture patterns in monsoonal central Asia

Multiproxy reconstruction for Kuroshio responses to northern hemispheric oceanic climate and the Asian Monsoon since Marine Isotope Stage 5.1 (∼88 ka)

Understanding the Compositional Variability of the Major Components of Hydrothermal Plumes in the Okinawa Trough

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