Holocene shoreline variations in the Persian Gulf: Example of the Umm al-Qowayn lagoon (UAE)

Bernier, Paul; Dalongeville, Rémi; Dupuis, B; Medwecki, Vincent de

doi:10.1016/1040-6182(95)00011-7

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The only sea-level oscillation curves differing from those in other studies are the curves from the Arab Emirates published by Bernier et al (1995) for the period between 6 and 8k yr BP. They presume a sea level similar to the present one, which can be hardly considered realistic: their conclusions are based on only a single dated sample.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

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Holocene marine terraces on two salt diapirs in the Persian Gulf, Iran: age, depositional history and uplift rates

Bruthans

Filippi

Geršl

et al. 2006

J Quaternary Science

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Slightly inclined Holocene marine terraces cover parts of two circular salt diapirs (Hormoz and Namakdan) in the Persian Gulf. Their relative altitude above present sea level results from a combination of general marine transgression/regression affecting the whole area, and of local uplift related to salt diapirism. Differential uplift rate of the studied diapirs in centre-to-rim profiles was calculated from results based on: (i) radiocarbon ages of skeletal remains of benthic faunas (19 samples), which originally grew close to sea level; (ii) original altitude of samples, estimated from general sea-level oscillation curves for the last 10 kyr, and (iii) present sample altitude measured in the field.Calculated uplift rates increase from rim to centre on both diapirs in the range from: 2 mm yr À1 at the rim to 5-6 mm yr À1 at the interior of Hormoz, and 1-3 mm yr À1 at the rim to 3-5 mm yr À1 at the interior of Namakdan. Such uplift rate distributions fit into the parabolic profile of Newtonian fluid rather than to profiles typical for pseudoplastic fluids. The increase in uplift rate with distance from rim to centre of diapirs is gradual as demonstrated also by generally smooth surface of marine terraces. No tectonic dissections were found. The depositional history on both salt diapirs is similar although they are situated more than 100 km apart. Marine sedimentation started at about 9.6k cal. yr BP on Hormoz and at 8.6k cal. yr BP on Namakdan. Owing to rapid transgression, the sea partially truncated both salt diapirs and rapidly deepened, and carbonate mud was deposited on the peripheries of both salt diapirs. Between 7 and 5k cal. yr BP beach deposition replaced carbonate mud. Soon after 5k cal. yr BP, the sea retreated from most of the marine terraces on both salt diapirs.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…4). The curves are mostly based on radiocarbon dating of marine or freshwater sediments (Godwin et al, 1958;Al-Zamel, 1985;Sanlaville, 1989;Pirazzoli, 1991;Bernier et al, 1995;Uchupi et al, 1999). Global changes of sea level from Tahiti corals (Pacific) were also taken into account (Bard et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene marine terraces on two salt diapirs in the Persian Gulf, Iran: age, depositional history and uplift rates

Bruthans

Filippi

Geršl

et al. 2006

J Quaternary Science

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“…Codiacean algae, whose disintegration produce much of the carbonate muds of the Florida and Bahaman lagoons, are rare in the Arabian Gulf and are unlikely to contribute much to the production of mud. Dalongeville et al (1993) and Bernier et al (1995) described the coastline and its development in the northeast of the UAE, where the alluvial fans from the Oman Mountains reach the coast. showed, using achival material, old maps and air photographs, that the coast near Ras Al Khaimah has changed considerably in historic times by coastal breaching and by spit growth and decay.…”

Section: Coastal Geomorphology and Facies Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An historical review of the Quaternary sedimentology of the Gulf (Arabian/Persian Gulf) and its geological impact

Evans

2010

Quaternary Carbonate and Evaporite Sedimentary Facies and Their Ancient Analogues

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The Arabian Gulf is a foreland basin that lies between the Arabian Shield and the Zagros fold belt. Today, it is being infilled at its northern head by the Tigris-Euphrates-Karun delta, receives further detrital sediment from Iran on its NE flank, and along its Arabian flank is the site of carbonate and evaporite sedimentation. Other than a few preliminary surveys by officers of the Indian Geological Survey and other minor geological studies associated with archaeological excavations on the Mesopotamian Plains, prior to the 1950s the Quaternary deposits of the region received little attention. However, since the publication of pioneering sedimentological studies in the late 1950s and early 1960s, these sediments have attracted considerable interest. Today, the Arabian Gulf is quoted as a model for foreland basin sedimentation, carbonate evaporite-dune-fan associations and carbonate ramps. It has become a classic area for open-water spontaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate (whitings), formation of hardgrounds, ooid production, dolomite precipitation and, most famously, for the development of shallow-water carbonate-evaporite associations. The surprise discovery of anhydrite forming in the supratidal coastal plain sediments and not in the subaqueous environment of the Gulf had a profound effect on interpretations of ancient evaporites. This discovery caused considerable re-examination and reconsideration of these deposits.

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“…By 14 000 yr BP the Straits of Hormuz had opened up as a narrow waterway and by 12 500 yr BP marine incursion into the central basin of the Arabian Gulf had started. The present shorelines were reached by 6000 yr BP and exceeded as global sea level rose 1-2 m above its present level (Lambeck, 1996;Bernier et al, 1995). Thus during the Quaternary the Omano-Makranian elements of the flora became separated during periods of high sea levels, which led to periods of geographical isolation, the most recent of which has occurred during the Holocene with the flooding of the Arabian Gulf via the Straits of Hormuz.…”

Section: Modern Vegetation and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene vegetation dynamics in the northeastern Rub' al‐Khali desert, Arabian Peninsula: a phytolith, pollen and carbon isotope study

Parker

Eckersley

Smith

et al. 2004

J Quaternary Science

144

138

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The Holocene vegetation history of the Arabian Peninsula is poorly understood, with few palaeobotanical studies to date. At Awafi, Ras al-Khaimah, UAE, a 3.3 m lake sediment sequence records the vegetation development for the period 8500 cal. yr BP to $ 3000 cal. yr BP. 13 C isotope, pollen and phytolith analyses indicate that C3 Pooid grassland with a strong woody element existed during the early Holocene (between 8500 and 6000 cal. yr BP) and became replaced by mixed C3 and C4 grasses with a strong C4 Panicoid tall grass element between 5900 and 5400 cal. yr BP. An intense, arid event occurred at 4100 cal. yr BP when the lake desiccated and was infilled by Aeolian sand. From 4100 cal. yr BP the vegetation was dominated by C4 Chloridoid types and Cyperaceae, suggesting an incomplete vegetation cover and Aeolian dune reactivation owing to increased regional aridity. These data outline the ecosystem dynamics and carbon cycling in response to palaeomonsoon and north-westerly variability during the Holocene.

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Holocene shoreline variations in the Persian Gulf: Example of the Umm al-Qowayn lagoon (UAE)

Cited by 41 publications

References 3 publications

Holocene marine terraces on two salt diapirs in the Persian Gulf, Iran: age, depositional history and uplift rates

Holocene marine terraces on two salt diapirs in the Persian Gulf, Iran: age, depositional history and uplift rates

An historical review of the Quaternary sedimentology of the Gulf (Arabian/Persian Gulf) and its geological impact

Holocene vegetation dynamics in the northeastern Rub' al‐Khali desert, Arabian Peninsula: a phytolith, pollen and carbon isotope study

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