Holocene evolution of Phra Thong's beach-ridge plain (Thailand) — Chronology, processes and driving factors

Brill, Dominik; Jankaew, Kruawun; Brückner, Helmut

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.05.035

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…supply and larger ridges of lower sediment supply (Shepherd, 1987). 55 Recent reviews of prograded barrier deposits have emphasised the complexity of the 56 morphodynamic processes which form these ridges, while also noting the potential of these geo-57 archives for reconstructing both millennial and even inter-decadal timescale changes using 58 established technologies such as optical (OSL) dating of beach and dune sediments, ground 59 penetrating radar (GPR) and advanced remote sensing datasets such as airborne LiDAR (Scheffers et (Brill et al, 2015), New Zealand 68 (Dougherty, 2014), Poland (Reimann et al, 2011) and Vietnam . Despite this, 69 few studies have integrated these technologies, which have the potential to produce a more 70 comprehensive understanding of prograded barrier development over millennial to inter-decadal 71 timescales.…”

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confidence: 99%

Integrating millennial and interdecadal shoreline changes: Morpho-sedimentary investigation of two prograded barriers in southeastern Australia

Oliver

Tamura

Hudson³

et al. 2017

Geomorphology

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Prograded barriers are distinctive coastal landforms preserving the position of past shorelines as low relief, shore-parallel ridges composed of beach sediments and commonly adorned with variable amounts of dune sand. Prograded barriers have been valued as coastal archives which contain palaeoenvironmental information, however integrating the millennial timescale geological history of barriers with observed interdecadal modern beach processes has proved difficult. Technologies such as airborne LiDAR, ground penetrating radar (GPR) and optically stimulated luminescence dating (OSL) were utilised at Boydtown and Wonboyn, in southeastern Australia, and combined with previously reported radiocarbon dates and offshore seismic and sedimentological data to reconstruct the morpho-sedimentary history of prograded barrier systems. These technologies enabled reconstruction of geological timescale processes integrated with an interdecadal model of ridge formation explaining the GPR-imaged subsurface character of the barriers. Both the Boydtown and Wonboyn barriers began prograding ~ 7500¿8000 years ago when sea level attained at or near present height along this coastline and continued prograding until the present-day with an initially slower rate of shoreline advancement. Sources of sediment for progradation appear to be the inner shelf and shoreface with a large shelf sand body likely contributing to progradation at Wonboyn. The Towamba River seems to have delivered sediment to Twofold Bay during flood events after transitioning to a mature estuarine system sometime after ~ 4000 cal. yr BP. Some of this material appears to have been reworked onto the Boydtown barrier, increasing the rate of progradation in the seaward 50% of the barrier deposited over the past ~ 1500 years. The GPR imaged beachfaces are shown to have similar geometry to beach profiles following recent storm events and a model of ridge formation involving cut and fill of the beachface, and dune building in the backshore, explains the character of the preserved beachface record and the morphology of the ridges. This model is applicable to future management of individual beaches where such beaches are subject to ongoing cut and fill, dune building processes and inherited sediment budget conditions.

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confidence: 99%

Integrating millennial and interdecadal shoreline changes: Morpho-sedimentary investigation of two prograded barriers in southeastern Australia

Oliver

Tamura

Hudson³

et al. 2017

Geomorphology

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“…1). Phra Thong Island is characterized by a series of north-south trending, sandy Holocene beach ridges and marshy swales on the western side, and dense tidal mangroves on Pleistocene sand dunes on the eastern side (Jankaew et al, 2008;Brill et al, 2012a;Scheffers et al, 2012;Brill et al, 2015).…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reprint of 'Elemental and mineralogical analysis of marine and coastal sediments from Phra Thong Island, Thailand: Insights into the provenance of coastal hazard deposits'

et al. 2018

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Sediment records left by coastal hazards (e.g. tsunami and/or storms) may shed light on the sedimentary and hydrodynamic processes happening during such events. Modern onshore and offshore sediment samples were compared with the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, three palaeotsunami and a 2007 storm deposit from Phra Thong Island, Thailand, to determine provenance relationships between these coastal overwash deposits. Sedimentological and stratigraphic characteristics are generally inadequate to discriminate tsunami and storm deposits so a statistical approach (including cluster analysis, principal component analysis and discriminant function analysis) was used based on grain size, mineralogy and trace element geochemistry. The mineral content and trace element geochemistry are statistically inadequate to distinguish the provenance of the modern storm and tsunami deposits at this site, but the mean grain size can potentially discriminate these overwash deposits. The 2007 storm surge deposits were most likely sourced from the onshore sediment environment whereas all four tsunami units statistically differ from each other indicating diverse sediment sources. Our statistical analyses suggest that the 2004 tsunami deposit was mainly derived from nearshore marine sediments. The uppermost palaeotsunami deposit was possibly derived from both onshore and nearshore materials while the lower palaeotsunami deposits showed no clear evidence of their sediment sources. Such complexity raises questions about the origin of the sediments in the tsunami and storm deposits and strongly suggests that local context and palaeogeography are important aspects that cannot be ignored in tsunami provenance studies.

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“…( a ) Map (created in PanMap v0.9659) highlighting location of Phra Thong Island, the Sunda Trench and historical earthquake (1847, 1881, 1941 and 2004) epicentres10 (blue stars) and the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami slip patch (yellow shading), ( b ) Phra Thong Island, Thailand, showing the beach ridge sequence and highlighting the northern beach ridge sequence (satellite image courtesy of Google Earth Pro v. 7.1.5.1557, Image data: (C) 2016 DigitalGlobe, TerraMetrics, CNES/Astrium), ( c ) image of the northern beach ridge sequence and locations where previous work has been performed2021272829303236394445 and the locations of Swales X, Y and VI (satellite image courtesy of GeoEye1, collected on the 7 th February 2012, GeoEye, Inc.), ( d ) detail of Swales X and Y and the location where Auger 10 and Pit 2 were excavated, locations of two 2007 storm fans (red dots) and approximate locations of previous (1.6 and 2.16 ka) shorelines from quartz OSL dates36 (dashed lines) (satellite image courtesy of GeoEye1, collected on the 7 th February 2012, GeoEye, Inc.).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The western portion also contains beach ridges that have variably prograded westwards and been sequentially eroded from the mid-Holocene28. Interspersed between the younger beach ridge sequence are a series of swales that preserve sand sheets ascribed to tsunami deposits21.…”

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confidence: 99%

High-frequency Coastal Overwash Deposits from Phra Thong Island, Thailand

Gouramanis

Switzer

Jankaew

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The 26th December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami (IOT) emanated from an Mw 9.2 earthquake that generated a 1600 km-long rupture along the Sumatran Megathrust and generated tsunami waves up to 30 m high. The IOT directly impacted the Bay of Bengal and east Africa, with over 283,000 people perishing. At the time, this catastrophic event was considered unprecedented and sparked intense investigations to test this claim. It is now believed that four pre-2004 IOT events have occurred in the last 2500 years, recurring every 550 to 700 years. Much of this information comes from Phra Thong Island, Thailand, where a sequence of four stacked sandsheets separated by organic units has been recognised and compared to the 2004 IOT event. Recently, ground-penetrating radar on Phra Thong Island identified a region that could not be explained by the known stratigraphy. The stratigraphy of the area was investigated from auger cores and pits, and several previously-unrecognised sandsheets were identified and compared to the known tsunami sandsheets. The proximity of the newly-recognised sandsheets to the palaeo-coastline of Phra Thong Island does not preclude the impacts of localised storms in sandsheet emplacement or that tsunamigenic earthquake recurrence may have been more frequent in the past.

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Holocene evolution of Phra Thong's beach-ridge plain (Thailand) — Chronology, processes and driving factors

Cited by 40 publications

References 64 publications

Integrating millennial and interdecadal shoreline changes: Morpho-sedimentary investigation of two prograded barriers in southeastern Australia

Integrating millennial and interdecadal shoreline changes: Morpho-sedimentary investigation of two prograded barriers in southeastern Australia

Reprint of 'Elemental and mineralogical analysis of marine and coastal sediments from Phra Thong Island, Thailand: Insights into the provenance of coastal hazard deposits'

High-frequency Coastal Overwash Deposits from Phra Thong Island, Thailand

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