Holm-oak (Quercus ilex subsp. Ballota) acorns infestation by insects in Mediterranean dehesas and shrublands

Leiva, María José; Fernández-Alés, Rocı́o

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2005.03.036

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Q. germana seeds were exposed to the same biotic and abiotic conditions as the other species and experimental replicates within each treatment were randomly determined and were also rotated during the study period. The lack of emergence of Q. germana acorns could be attributed to the synergistic effect of several factors, such as insect and fungal damage to the endosperm and/or the plumule (Leiva & Fernández-Alés 2005). Acorn quality varies between species but also presents temporal and spatial intraspecific variation (Yu, Zhou, & Luo, 2003;González-Rodríguez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Light Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

Cruz

López‐Barrera

Ramos-Prado

2016

MYB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Germination and emergence of the endangered cloud forest oak species Quercus germana, Q. insignis, Q. sartorii and Q. xalapensis were observed under different light conditions (sun vs. shade) in a secondary forest fragment (SFF) and in a greenhouse (GRE). Seed weight variability was evaluated for each species and its relationship to germination and emergence determined. After 60 days, a total of 62.17% of the acorns had germinated and 37.79% had emerged in both experiments. Germination was highest in Q. sartorii (71.83% ± 2.09%), followed by Q. germana (66.33% ± 2.06%), Q. insignis (60.83% ± 2.34%) and Q. xalapensis (53.50% ± 2.32%). In the GRE, Q. insignis germination was higher under sun (62.00% ± 4.73%) than shade (48.00% ± 5.12%), whereas its emergence was the lowest (37.66% ± 3.46%) compared to other species in both light environments. In the SFF, germination and emergence only differed among species; Q. xalapensis germination was lowest (47.00% ± 3.11%) and Q. sartorii emergence was highest (58.66% ± 3.35%), compared to the other species. Acorn weight did not influence germination or emergence in any species. The implications of this study are discussed, along with recommended propagation techniques for growing oaks for forest restoration in disturbed areas.Keywords: early seedling establishment, light environment, Quercus, seed mass, tropical montane cloud forest.resumen La germinación y emergencia de encinos amenazados del bosque de niebla, Quercus germana, Q. insignis, Q. sartorii y Q. xalapensis fue evaluada bajo diferentes condiciones lumínicas (sol vs. sombra) en un fragmento de bosque secundario (SFF) y un invernadero (GRE). Para cada una de las especies, la variabilidad del peso de la semilla fue relacionada con la germinación y emergencia. Después de 60 días, en ambos experimentos, un total de 62.17% de las bellotas germinaron y 37.79% emergieron. La germinación fue mayor en Q. sartorii (71.83% ± 2.09%), seguido de Q. germana (66.33% ± 2.06%), Q. insignis (60.83% ± 2.34%) y Q. xalapensis (53.50% ± 2.32%). En el GRE, la germinación de Q. insignis fue mayor bajo el sol (62.00% ± 4.73%) que bajo la sombra (48.00% ± 5.12%), mientras que su emergencia fue la más baja (37.66% ± 3.46%) comparada con otras especies en ambos ambientes lumínicos. En el SFF, la germinación y emergencia solo fueron diferentes entre especies; Q. xalapensis registró la germinación más baja (47.00% ± 3.11%) y Q. sartorii la emergencia más alta (58.66% ± 3.35%) comparada con el resto de las especies. El peso de la bellota no influyó en la germinación y emergencia de las especies. Se discuten las implicaciones de este estudio, así como recomendaciones sobre técnicas de propagación para la producción de encinos para restaurar bosques en áreas perturbadas.Palabras clave: establecimiento temprano de plántulas, ambiente lumínico, Quercus, peso de semilla, bosque de niebla.

show abstract

Section: Light Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

Cruz

López‐Barrera

Ramos-Prado

2016

MYB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Had it not been differentiated by tree collection, these seeds would have been included in the same volume group. The scarcity of references about the importance of mother plant in other species [15,22] is peculiar. In this study, the measurements were performed at the individual tree level because it gives us information on treeto-tree variability within a population.…”

Section: Individual Tree Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Implications of Acorn Size at the Individual Tree Level in Quercus suber L.

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Few studies have determined the influence of acorn size on germination and predation percentage at tree level. To evaluate the seed size influence at individual tree level, trees producing two different sizes of acorn were chosen. Our results show that smaller acorns were significantly more infested (49.6-75.3%) than larger ones (11.0-27.33%). About germination, big acorns achieved the best germination percentage compared to the smaller ones (18% in infested and 76% in sound acorns for the small acorn group versus 69.3% in infested and 93.3% in sound acorns belonging to the big acorn group). We also found that there was a difference in behaviour between big and small seeds at tree level. The same size belonging to different functional groups presented a difference at the behavioural level per tree. Infested small acorns from trees 8 and 10 had only 33 and 13% germination, while big acorns from trees 2, 3, and 6 (there was no difference between both sizes) presented 67, 97, and 83%, respectively. These results indicate that the production of acorns with two different sizes could be a strategy for species regeneration, producing each size for a different purpose.

show abstract

“…Thus, Jiménez et al (2008), analyzing the spatial distribution of Curculio populations in a dehesa of southern Spain, concluded that the spatial distribution was heterogeneous in space but stable over time. Leiva and Fernández-Alés (2005) in a nearby area found differences among stands in dehesas and shrublands. In forests from northern China significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity of acorn damage by insects in Q. liaotungensis was established in relation to topography (Yu et al, 2003).…”

Section: Variation In Acorn Damagementioning

confidence: 90%

Spatiotemporal variation in acorn production and damage in a Spanish holm oak (Quercus ilex) dehesa

Pérez‐Izquierdo

Pulido

2013

For. syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim of study: There is a lack of knowledge about spatio-temporal patterns of acorn production in dehesas, especially regarding the influence of different agents causing acorn damage. We examined the spatial and temporal variability on acorn production and damage in four stands within a dehesa farm in 1997, 1998 and 1999.Area of study: The study was carried out in a 1800 ha dehesa farm of Cáceres province, western Spain. Material and methods:Acorns were sampled by means of seed traps placed in the canopy of six holm oak trees per stand. Acorns collected were counted and assessed for damage by Curculio weevils, Cydia moths and the bacterial pathogen Brenneria quercina.Main results: Mean acorn production for the whole study period was 44.60 acorns m -2 , which did not vary significantly either among stands or among years. The variability among individual trees was very high (0-300 acorns m -2 ). The rate of infestation by Curculio was 7.64 ± 10.72%, by Cydia was 1.76 ± 3.33%, whereas 10.29 ± 16.12% of acorns were infested by Brenneria. We found no significant spatial differences, but the rates of acorn loss by insects varied among years. These rates were independent of annual acorn production and there was no correlation among damages by different pests, except between Curculio and Cydia in two crop years.Research highlights: It can be concluded that acorn crops are synchronized at the within-farm level and that the temporal variation in acorn damages can be independent of crop size.

show abstract

Holm-oak (Quercus ilex subsp. Ballota) acorns infestation by insects in Mediterranean dehesas and shrublands

Cited by 45 publications

References 26 publications

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

Germinación y emergencia de plántulas de cuatro especies de encino amenazadas

Ecological Implications of Acorn Size at the Individual Tree Level in Quercus suber L.

Spatiotemporal variation in acorn production and damage in a Spanish holm oak (Quercus ilex) dehesa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About