Hollow PtPdRh Nanocubes with Enhanced Catalytic Activities for In Vivo Clearance of Radiation‐Induced ROS via Surface‐Mediated Bond Breaking

Abstract

Catalytic nanomaterials can be used extrinsically to combat diseases associated with a surplus of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Rational design of surface morphologies and appropriate doping can substantially improve the catalytic performances. In this work, a class of hollow polyvinyl pyrrolidone-protected PtPdRh nanocubes with enhanced catalytic activities for in vivo free radical scavenging is proposed. Compared with Pt and PtPd counterparts, ternary PtPdRh nanocubes show remarkable catalytic properties of decomposing H O via enhanced oxygen reduction reactions. Density functional theory calculation indicates that the bond of superoxide anions breaks for the energetically favorable status of oxygen atoms on the surface of PtPdRh. Viability of cells and survival rate of animal models under exposure of high-energy γ radiation are considerably enhanced by 94% and 50% respectively after treatment of PtPdRh nanocubes. The mechanistic investigations on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde amount, and DNA damage repair demonstrate that hollow PtPdRh nanocubes act as catalase, peroxidase, and SOD analogs to efficiently scavenge ROS.

Dislocation Engineered PtPdMo Alloy With Enhanced Antioxidant Activity for Intestinal Injury

“…The catalytic reaction rate was concentration-dependent from 0.05 to 5 mg/mL within 70 min. The results are in agreement with previous work that ternary alloy showed superior catalytic property to H 2 O 2 than Pt, and PtPd (Wang J. Y. et al, 2018).…”

“…Our previous work showed that PtPd nanocubes decreased the ROS level by 14.8% after 4Gy radiation (Long et al, 2019). Besides, PtPdRh nanocubes can reduce radiation-induced ROS by 18.8% (Wang J. Y. et al, 2018). However, the present PtPdMo nanocubes exhibited superior ROS scavenge ability (35.5%) via doping induced surface defect, therefore prevented ROS damages to cells and increased the survival rate after radiation.…”

“…All the constitutes were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. According to the previous study (Wang J. Y. et al, 2018), the syntheses of Pt, PtPd, PtPdMo nanocubes were followed by the same procedure except for the constitution of ingredients: Pt(acac) 2 (60.0 mg); Pt(acac) 2 (30.0 mg), Pd(acac) 2 (25.0 mg); Pt(acac) 2 (20.0 mg), Pd(acac) 2 (16.0 mg), MoO 2 (acac) 2 (16 mg) with PVP (160.0 mg), and DMF (10 mL) were mixed together in NaI solution (2 mL, 0.15 g mL −1 ) in an autoclave, heated to 150°C for 10 h. The reaction system was then cooled down to room temperature. The precipitate was washed by acetone and ethanol, and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min to remove excess reactants.…”

“…In our previous works, various metal catalysts protected animals from radiation by scavenging excessive ROS, which could increase the survival rate after subjected to lethal radiative dose (Zhang et al, 2016b, 2017; Wang J. et al, 2018). Meanwhile, we also reported that the antioxidant property of catalysts could be improved by proper modification to achieve better radioprotective effects with enhanced ROS scavenging ability (Wang J. Y. et al, 2018). Inspired by that, catalytic ternary alloy nanocubes engineered with surface defects are prepared to prevent radiation-induced damages.…”

Improvements in SOD mimic AEOL-10150, a potent broad-spectrum antioxidant

“…Radiation damage is closely related to free radical release [19–21]. Studies have shown that chronic administration of the SOD mimic AEOL-10150 has a protective effect on radiation-induced lung injury, whereas low-dose or short-term AEOL-10150 treatment has no effect on radiation-induced lung injury [22, 23].…”