Holistic model for atmospheric corrosion: Part 3 - Effect of natural and man made landforms on deposition of marine salts in Australia and south-east Asia

Cole, Ivan; Paterson, David A.; Ganther, W. D.; Neufeld, Aaron K; Hinton, Bruce; McAdam, G.; McGeachie, M.; Jeffery, R.; Chotimongkol, L.; Bhamornsut, Chalothorn; Hue, N. V.; Purwadaria, S.

doi:10.1179/147842203225008921

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The model predicts the transport 2 and deposition of marine aerosols 3, the response of metal surfaces to aerosol deposition 4–6 and climatic conditions 7, and lastly mass loss. The model has been validated in Australia and South‐East Asia 8, 9, but not the Middle East.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the development of a corrosion map for Abu Dhabi

Ganther

Cole

Helal

et al. 2010

Materials & Corrosion

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Infrastructure development in the United Arab Emirates continues to escalate, yet very few corrosion studies have been performed in the region. In a step to address this situation, this paper reports on a study of zinc and steel corrosion and salt deposition rates at five sites in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The sites are classified as either urban/marine, marine, inland or mountainous. The study found that zinc corrosion rates range from 15 mm/year on the coast to 0.6 mm/year inland, while steel corrosion rates are 56 and 10 mm/year, respectively, at the same locations. While the salt deposition rate ranges from 5 to 18 mg/m 2 /day, it is not directly related to distance from the coast. Although the salt deposition rates observed are consistent with those at locations at similar latitudes, the corrosion rates are higher than in locations with comparable salt deposition rates. However, when the data were analysed along with relevant local meteorological data, it was found to be consistent with the basic assumptions of the holistic model of atmospheric corrosion developed by Cole et al. In particular, it is suggested that the relatively high corrosion rates observed here are associated with a greater accumulation of salt, which can occur in Abu Dhabi because rainfall, and thus rain washing, is extremely low compared to similar exposure locations in Australia and South-East Asia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the development of a corrosion map for Abu Dhabi

Ganther

Cole

Helal

et al. 2010

Materials & Corrosion

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“…As shown inTable 1, chloride concentration measured in the Province of Western Coast (Red Sea) is generally high.Frasan, Hakal and Wajah shows the highest salinity values: 740, 704 and 608 mg m 22 d 21 Cl 2 respectively, which belong to categories S 3 (the rest belong to S 2 ). These results show that atmospheric salinity depends on the wind pattern at each specific site 10,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. The main part of anthropogenic SO 2 pollution is caused by combustion of fossil fuels and algae decomposition.…”

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confidence: 99%

Studies of galvanised steel atmospheric corrosion in Saudi Arabia

Syed

2011

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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This paper summarises the results obtained for galvanised steel specimens exposed in Saudi Arabia region for four years at four pure marine and five mixed marine (SO 2 polluted) sites. The atmospheres at these sites were characterised climatologically and in terms of their pollution level so that their corrosivity could be expressed in accordance with ISO standards. Chemical characterisation of the galvanised steel corrosion product layers was performed using X-ray diffraction. The main phases determined were zincite (ZnO), simonkolleite [Zn 5 (OH) 8 Cl 2 .H 2 O], smithsonite (ZnCO 3 ), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), gordaite [NaZn 4 (SO 4 )Cl(OH) 6 Cl.6(H 2 O)], hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), zinkosite (ZnSO 4 ), zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ), zinc hydroxide sulphate hydrate [(Zn(OH) 2 ) 3 (ZnSO 4 )(H 2 O) 3 ] and zinc sulphate hydroxide hydrate [ZnSO 4 (OH) 2 .5H 2 O] was found on the specimens. The results obeyed well with the empirical kinetics equation of the form C5Kt n ,where K and C are the corrosion losses in mg cm 22 after 1 and 't' years of the exposure respectively, and 'n' is constant. Based on 'n' values, the corrosion mechanism of galvanised steel is predicted. The results obtained show that the corrosion rate of galvanised steel is a function of both the chloride, SO 2 pollution level and the humidity. Corrosion rate of galvanised steel specimens have been obtained by loss of weight after each year of exposure. Experimental Specimen preparationGalvanised steel specimens with 99?63% (0?22%Mn, 0?1%S, 0?12%P, 0?04%C and 0?01%Si) purity were used in this experiment. Before exposure, the surface of the

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“…The plot demonstrates the rapid fall off in deposition with increasing number of houses. Such a fall off was observed experimentally and is reported in Cole et al 3 In fact, Cole et al 3 found that salinity on the facade of a dwelling in a general urban area would be reduced to around 25% of that on a salt candle at an equivalent distance from the coast on clear (low roughness) ground. The data presented in Fig.…”

Section: Deposition On Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…If R s is low, the value of R a determines V d . V d is determined from an analogy with momentum transport, which gives V d~u 2 Ã =U : : : : : : : : : : : : : : (3) where U is the upstream velocity, and u* is the average 'friction velocity' in the local boundary layer. u 2 Ã is proportional to the local turbulent kinetic energy in the boundary layer and thus depends on the size of the obstacle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic model for atmospheric corrosion Part 5 – Factors controlling deposition of salt aerosol on candles, plates and buildings

Cole

Paterson²

2004

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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This paper is the fifth in a series of papers outlining a holistic model of atmospheric corrosion. Previous papers have outlined how the airborne salinity could be estimated at any given location. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of aerosol/particulate deposition, in conjunction with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies. Theoretical and CFD studies address whether salt aerosol/particulate deposition is controlled by mean winds, wind turbulence or Brownian motion (deposition of salt via rain/fog etc. is not considered in this paper). Analysis indicates that deposition due to wind turbulence is the dominant mechanism for marine aerosol, and that other deposition modes can be effectively ignored. Given this, further studies are presented for salt candles, plates and buildings. From these studies, approximations are derived so that salt deposition on exposure plates and on buildings can be estimated from measurements from ISO salt candles.CEST/2125

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Holistic model for atmospheric corrosion: Part 3 - Effect of natural and man made landforms on deposition of marine salts in Australia and south-east Asia

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Towards the development of a corrosion map for Abu Dhabi

Towards the development of a corrosion map for Abu Dhabi

Studies of galvanised steel atmospheric corrosion in Saudi Arabia

Holistic model for atmospheric corrosion Part 5 – Factors controlling deposition of salt aerosol on candles, plates and buildings

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