Holistic Development of Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Applications

Kober, Martin

doi:10.1007/s11664-020-07966-6

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…4. However, the real selection is based on a detailed method 12 in which the eight secondary objectives are also taken into account. Thereby, a resulting design is selected from the ten-dimensional Pareto set with regard to a weighting of the different objectives.…”

Section: Results Of the Holistic Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below, an overview of the used holistic TEG optimization method is shown, and the method is described in detail in Ref. 12. A comparison between the optimization for a conventional vehicle and a hybrid vehicle is also shown in Ref.…”

Section: Methodology For a Holistic Teg Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison between the optimization for a conventional vehicle and a hybrid vehicle is also shown in Ref. 12. In, Ref.…”

Section: Methodology For a Holistic Teg Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Holistic method for TEG optimization. 12 variation can be carried out during the optimization and the simulation returns the effectively achievable CO 2 reduction within the WLTC.…”

Section: Methodology For a Holistic Teg Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the highest power density for automotive TEG systems was presented in Ref. 12 with 267 W/ kg. Furthermore, in Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Applications: Holistic Optimization and Validation by a Functional Prototype

Kober

Knobelspies

Rossello

et al. 2020

Journal of Elec Materi

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Current research has led to a significant improvement at the system level of thermoelectric generators (TEG) for automotive applications. The previously low power density could be increased considerably up to 267 W/kg and 478 W/ dm 3. In addition, the cost-benefit ratio of the technology in the overall system of the vehicle was improved through intensive optimizations on system level. The results presented so far are based on measurement data of single thermoelectric modules (TEM) and simulation of the TEG system. In this paper the high simulative increases at the system level, achieved through a holistic optimization method, are validated by a functional prototype, completely equipped with TEM. Thereby, a functional prototype has been developed and built successfully and measured on a hot gas test bench. In the experiment all TEM show a stable power output and the highest gravimetric power density of automotive TEG systems known to the authors could be measured. Further tests will be performed with the functional prototype as described in the outlook. In addition to the successful tests, the simulation is validated with the detailed measurement data. After adapting the measurement method of the TEM for providing more accurate TEM measurement data as input for the simulation, a suitable match could be achieved between the TEG simulation and the experiment. In the measurement points performed so far, the accuracy of the simulated temperatures reaches more than 95%. The accuracy of the simulated output power is more than 97%.

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Section: Results Of the Holistic Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodology For a Holistic Teg Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison between the optimization for a conventional vehicle and a hybrid vehicle is also shown in Ref. 12. In, Ref.…”

Section: Methodology For a Holistic Teg Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Holistic method for TEG optimization. 12 variation can be carried out during the optimization and the simulation returns the effectively achievable CO 2 reduction within the WLTC.…”

Section: Methodology For a Holistic Teg Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the highest power density for automotive TEG systems was presented in Ref. 12 with 267 W/ kg. Furthermore, in Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Applications: Holistic Optimization and Validation by a Functional Prototype

Kober

Knobelspies

Rossello

et al. 2020

Journal of Elec Materi

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Recent advances in thermoelectric technology to harvest energy from the pavement

Jian

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Reducing the excessive use of fossil fuels and developing new sustainable energy sources are challenges and urgent issues people face today. Pavements are rich in thermal energy when exposed to the sun for long periods of time. Thermoelectric technology allows for the conversion of thermal and electrical energy from the temperature difference that exists between the pavement and the underground. Thermoelectric technology applied to pavements could not only harvest energy to power wireless sensors, LED lights or store it in supercapacitors, but also absorb the temperature of the pavement to reduce damage to the pavement. The review summarized previous pavement thermoelectric energy harvesting systems in the areas of the types, advantages and disadvantages, power generation, and economic benefits. Methods to improve the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric energy harvesting devices are discussed in detail, especially the optimization of the cold end, the external environment, and the structure. Starting from the properties of thermoelectric cementitious composites, the applications and future developments of thermoelectric cementitious composites are presented in more detail. The thermoelectric cementitious composites are grouped into thermoelectric pavement energy harvesting solid systems. Finally, the integrated use of thermoelectric generator and thermoelectric cementitious composites for road energy harvesting is proposed. The article provided directions and references for future research on thermoelectric technology in pavement energy harvesting.

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The High Potential for Waste Heat Recovery in Hybrid Vehicles: A Comparison Between the Potential in Conventional and Hybrid Powertrains

Kober

2020

Journal of Elec Materi

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In future mobility, the mix of different drive trains will probably be much more diverse than it is today. According to a large number of scenario analyses, a predominant number of vehicles will continue to be based on the internal combustion engine (ICE), while an increasing number of hybrid vehicles are expected. To achieve the required reductions in CO2 emissions it is necessary to investigate all potential technologies for efficiency improvement. Therefore in this work the potential of waste heat recovery is examined for conventional and hybrid vehicles. Due to the fact that in an internal combustion engine approximately 2/3 of the fuel's chemical energy dissipates as waste heat, the potential for the recovery of this energy in all ICE driven powertrains is, in principle, high. The results of this work show that in hybrid vehicles the highest share of the energy supplied by the fuel is lost in the exhaust gas. In order to further elaborate this result, we conduct an exemplary examination of two comparable vehicles of the compact class within the worldwide harmonized light duty test cycle. Measurement data from the two vehicles at the roller dynamometer is used. The result shows that the averaged exhaust gas heat flow of the conventional vehicle is 5.0 kW. For the hybrid vehicle, driving in the charge sustaining mode, the averaged exhaust gas heat flow results in 8.1 kW. The comparison shows that the temperature level of this exhaust gas is even higher than that of the conventional vehicle. In addition, this work shows that through the higher temperatures, the exergy in the exhaust gas is higher in hybrid vehicles even if the combustion engine works with a higher efficiency. In the exemplary comparison the averaged exergy of the exhaust gas is 3.2 kW for the conventional and 5.7 kW for the hybrid vehicle. As a result of this work, the high potential for waste heat recovery in hybrid vehicles could be demonstrated.

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Holistic Development of Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Applications: Holistic Optimization and Validation by a Functional Prototype

Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Applications: Holistic Optimization and Validation by a Functional Prototype

Recent advances in thermoelectric technology to harvest energy from the pavement

The High Potential for Waste Heat Recovery in Hybrid Vehicles: A Comparison Between the Potential in Conventional and Hybrid Powertrains

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