HLA antigens in Brazilian patients with paracoccidioidomycosis

Goldani, Luciano Zubaran; Monteiro, Camila Nascimento; Donadi, Eduardo Antônio; Martínez, Roberto; Voltarelli, J C

doi:10.1007/bf00436427

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…79 Goldani et al showed an association of HLA-B40 and -Cw1 antigens with susceptibility to PCM. 80 This study also established an association with HLA-A2, -B7 and -B21 antigens and with HLA-B40-Cw1 and -A2-B40 haplotypes. Visentainer et al found a positive association with HLA-A1, -A3, -B8, -Cw7, -DQw2 and -DQw3 antigens, and a negative association with HLA-Cw3, -DR1 and -DQw1 antigens.…”

Section: Paracoccidioidomycosissupporting

confidence: 58%

Antígenos de histocompatibilidade humanos e dermatologia: da pesquisa para a prática clínica

Alves

Vieira

Meyer

et al. 2006

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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Abstract:The participation of the human histocompatibility system (HLA: human leukocyte antigens) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is well known. Situated on the short arm of chromosome 6, the HLA system is very polymorphic and has the capacity to confer susceptibility or resistance to different diseases. In Dermatology, this system has an important participation in the pathogenesis and natural course of various diseases. The strength and type of association differ with conditions and sometimes with the ethnic-racial group studied. The discovery of molecular methods to typify HLA alleles and recent updates in its nomenclature has contributed to a better understanding of this system. Unfortunately, this information has not been adequately transmitted in the literature, hindering identification of the association of the HLA with skin diseases. In this review, some aspects of the HLA system are discussed, such as methods of detection, nomenclature and association with vitiligo, pemphigus, psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, scabies, cutaneous leishmaniasis, leprosy, paracoccidiodomycosis and atopic dermatitis.

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Section: Paracoccidioidomycosissupporting

confidence: 58%

Antígenos de histocompatibilidade humanos e dermatologia: da pesquisa para a prática clínica

Alves

Vieira

Meyer

et al. 2006

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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“…Moreover, the mechanisms of susceptibility to PCM that could help in the definition of the target population are still unknown. In this regard, early studies have reported an association between certain HLA alleles and susceptibility to PCM [75][76][77]. This was not further confirmed by more recent studies [78,79].…”

Section: Modifying the Immune Responses?mentioning

confidence: 81%

An overview of the immunopathology of human paracoccidioidomycosis

2008

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We review here the advances in the understanding of the immunopathology of human paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). Its investigation must take in account the intriguing natural history of the mycosis and its agent, providing clues to the mechanisms that lead to development of disease (unbalanced host-parasite relationship?) or to the clinically silent, chronic carrier state (balanced hostparasite relationship?), in exposed people living in endemic areas. Although the literature on this subject has progressed notably, the overall picture of what are the mechanisms of susceptibility or resistance continues to be fragmentary. Major advances were seen in the description of both the cytokines/chemokines associated to the different outcomes of the hostparasite interaction, and the fungus-monocyte/macrophage interaction, and cytokines released thereof by these cells. However, relatively few studies have attempted to modify, even in vitro, the patients' unbalanced immune reactivity. Consequently, the benefits of this improved knowledge did not yet reach clinical practice. Fortunately, the previous notion of the immune system as having two nearly independent arms, the innate and adaptive immunities, leaving a large gap between them, is now being overcome.Immunologists are now trying to dissect the connections between these two arms. This will certainly lead to more productive results. Current investigations should address the innate immunity events that trigger the IL-12/IFN-c axis and confer protection against PCM in those individuals living in endemic areas, who have been infected, but did not develop the mycosis.

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“…The influence of race is difficult to assess because of the frequent interracial marriages among the populations within areas of endemicity (131); whites appear to predominate in certain series of infections (157,168,178), and pure Indians seem to be afflicted only rarely (320). Immigrants to areas of endemicity tend to develop severe forms of the mycosis (4,29,131,157 (130,160). However, a previous study of Colombian patients showed that different antigens (HLA-A9 and HLA-B13) predominated; the risk of occurrence of the mycosis was 5.5 times greater among people with HLA-9 and HLA-B13 than among people with other human leukocyte antigen types.…”

Section: Areas Of Endemicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

1993

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This review summarizes knowledge on various aspects of paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycelial propagules, chlamydospores, and arthroconidia exhibit thermal dimorphism; arthroconidia are infectious in animals and, by electron microscopy, appear well provided for survival. The mycelial-to-yeast-phase transformation requires a strict control of glucan synthesis probably mediated by membrane enzymes. Hormonal influences on the transformation of the fungus (mycelium or conidium to yeast phase) have been demonstrated. Estrogen-binding proteins have been detected in the fungal cytosol, and during the transformation novel proteins are produced as a result of estradiol incorporation. Clinical forms have been better defined on the basis of better experimental models. Emphasis has been placed on the lungs as the portal of entry and on the existence of silent pulmonary infections. A specific Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen, the 43-kDa glycoprotein (Gp43), has been identified, characterized, and cloned. This has led to improved reproducibility and specificity of serologic tests. The depression of cell-mediated immune responses has been associated with severe disease in humans and in the experimental host. T-cell subsets in patients' tissues were characterized by means of monoclonal antibodies, and a reduced CD4/CD8 ratio was demonstrated. This has been related to alterations in lymphokine and tumor necrosis factor production, production of antigen-antibody complexes, etc. Amphotericin B has provided effective therapy. Azole derivatives have also improved prognosis and facilitated therapy. Itraconazole is presently the drug of choice, yet incapacitating sequelae (mainly pulmonary fibrosis) still constitute major problems.

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HLA antigens in Brazilian patients with paracoccidioidomycosis

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Antígenos de histocompatibilidade humanos e dermatologia: da pesquisa para a prática clínica

Antígenos de histocompatibilidade humanos e dermatologia: da pesquisa para a prática clínica

An overview of the immunopathology of human paracoccidioidomycosis

Paracoccidioidomycosis: an update

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