HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 allele and haplotype frequencies in a population of 432 healthy unrelated individuals from Albania

Common and well‐documented HLA alleles over all of Europe and within European sub‐regions: A catalogue from the European Federation for Immunogenetics

“…Currently, no equivalent CWD catalogue exists for Europe itself, although European populations are known to exhibit a high level of HLA diversity and to differ genetically among each other, in particular across several geographical boundaries like mountain ranges and seas . Over the last few years, our knowledge on European HLA diversity has dramatically increased, in particular by typing large hematopoietic stem cell donor registries such as the Deutsche Knochenmarkspenderdatei (DKMS) and by mapping in detail, thanks to the efforts of the HLA‐net Consortium (http://hla-net.eu), the HLA variation across most European regions including previously under‐represented countries like Albania, Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Serbia in South‐Eastern Europe and others . Moreover, the web‐database http://allelefrequencies.net (AFND) has collected to date published HLA frequencies from 1066 populations around the world (including Europe), among which 571 with at least one locus typed at 2nd field level of resolution.…”

Diversity of HLA Class I and Class II blocks and conserved extended haplotypes in Lacandon Mayans

“…It is important to note that a European haplotype is present as part of the top ten most frequent haplotypes in our sample: A*02:01~B*18:01~C*07:01~DRB1*11:04~DQB1*03:01, with 2.40% (Table 6). That haplotype has been reported in frequencies ranging from 0.91% to 7.32% in populations from eastern and Mediterranean regions from Europe, such as Albania, Macedonia, Greece, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania and Italy 71,[74][75][76][77][78] . The only African haplotype present at least twice in our sample was A*68:02~B*53:01~C*04:01~DRB1*13:03 DQB1*02:02 (HF = 0.44%; Table 6).…”

HLA frequency distribution of the Portuguese bone marrow donor registry

“…The first has previously been described with relative frequency over 1.5% in the Macedonian and Croatian Registries ( 30 , 31 ), as well as in minorities from Greece, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Romania in the DKMS registry ( 21 ) and in Kavkazi and Druze populations of the Israeli Registry ( 27 ); the second one with relative frequency over 1.5% in large populations in Spain and the Spanish minority of the DKMS ( 21 , 26 , 32 – 34 ); and the third one has only been described with a frequency above 0.5% in our previous unpublished analysis, in an unpublished analysis of the Spanish Registry ( 16 ), as well as small population reports in Mexico and Brazil ( 35 , 36 ). Of note, HLA-A*02~B*35~DRB1*11, the 24 th most common haplotype in the CEDACE registry, more commonly found in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, has only been described with a relative frequency over 1% in populations of Macedonia ( 30 ), Mexico ( 35 ), Iran ( 37 ), Albania ( 38 ), Gaza ( 39 ), Jordan ( 40 ), Israel ( 27 ), and a small population study in Guinea Bissau and Cape Verde ( 41 ).…”