HIV positive sero-status disclosure and its determinants among people living with HIV /AIDS following ART clinic in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia: a facility- based cross-sectional study

Abstract

AbstractsBackgroundEven though, the disclosure of HIV sero- status to sexual partners, friends or relatives is the main tool for prevention and care strategies, most of the HIV/AIDS patients do not inform their close friends. The most common reasons for not disclosure of their status to the community were majorly fear of social rejection and discriminations. Therefore, this study assessed the HIV positive sero-status disclosure and its determinants among People Living with HIV /AIDS (PLWH/A) followed by the Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Clinic in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsA facility based cross-sectional study design was used among 351 ART patients that selected by systematic random sampling from ART clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital in March-2014. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. In a descriptive analysis frequency, mean and percentage were calculated. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify associated factors and the association between the explanatory and dependent variables was estimated.ResultsOnly 37.6% (n = 132) were revealed their HIV positive status to anyone. Disclosure was done towards the sexual partners (88.6%), close family (72.7%) and a larger population (18.2%). Age ≤ 39 years (AOR = 0.014 [95%, CI = 0.005, 0.037]),Male sex (AOR = 3.039, [95% CI = 1.164, 7.935]), WHO stage III – IV at ART start(AOR = 2.766, [95%, CI = 1.321, 5.791]), presence of comorbidity (AOR = 2.500, [95%, CI = 1.483, 4.214]), having any clinical symptoms for HIV(AOR = 2.98, [95%, CI = 1.724, 5.152]),Low physical domain related quality of life (AOR = 3.83, [95%, CI = 2.008, 7.315]) and high social domain related quality of life (AOR = 0.053, [95%, CI = 0.022, 0.125]) were statistically significant association with their HIV sero-status disclosure.ConclusionsFindings of this study indicated, the disclosure of HIV status is very low. Discloser is more likely when the patient is older, male, and has a higher level of education. Clinical determinants for disclosure was the WHO stage III-IV, treatment duration of ≥2 years, comorbidity, presence of clinical symptoms for HIV, low physical domain related quality of life, low social domain related quality of life and low overall quality of life.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive status disclosure to a sexual partner and its determinant factors in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

“…In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 18 articles with a total of 7084 study participants were included. Regarding the region/location of studies conducted, about one third of the studies were from Oromia region (1,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), Amhara region accounts the second largest segment of the included studies 22.22% (13,(25)(26)(27), Tigray region has contributed three studies (8,28,29), two regions SNNPs (30,31) and Addis Abeba(32, 33) each supplied a couple of studies and one study was found from Hareri region (34). Regarding the study design all the included studies were crosssectional.…”

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive status disclosure to a sexual partner and its determinant factors in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

“…In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 18 articles with a total of 7084 study participants were included. Regarding the region/location of studies conducted, about one third of the studies were from Oromia region (1,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), Amhara region accounts the second largest segment of the included studies 22.22% (13,(25)(26)(27), Tigray region has contributed three studies (8,28,29), two regions SNNPs (30,31) and Addis Abeba (32,33) each supplied a couple of studies and one study was found from Hareri region (34). Regarding the study design all the included studies were cross-sectional.…”

“…Globally, about 36.7 million people living with HIV in 2015 which higher than that of 33.3 million in the year 2010. These escalated number of PLWHA was due to the continuing of new infections and increased longevity of PLWHA by Anti Retro Viral Therapy drugs (1). (1,2) Sub-Saharan Africa remains most severely affected, with nearly 1 in every 20 adults (4.9%) living with HIV and accounting for 69% of the people living with HIV worldwide (2).…”

Disclosure of HIV seropositivity to sexual partner and psychosocial factors in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis 

“…The maximum (91%) HIV status disclosure to sexual partner observed by the year 2017 and the minimum (57.4%) during 2015. While majority of studies (n=12) included both men and women study participants (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39), the rest of the studies (n=6) six studies (40-45) included only women (Table 1). (Figure 2).…”

“…According to a single study report (34), those study participants below the age of 39 years were less likely (AOR=0.014; 95% CI= 0.005, 0.037) to disclose their HIV status to sexual partner than above 39 years old. Another study (35) As one study has shown, live in urban (AOR = 1.62; 95% CI=1.0, 2.60) (31) was in support of HIV disclosure practice.…”