HIV infection, and overweight and hypertension: a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected adults in Western Kenya

Saito, Akiko; Karama, Mohamed; Kamiya, Yasuhiko

doi:10.1186/s41182-020-00215-w

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The study identified a statistical association between abdominal obesity and the female gender. The gender association reported in the current study has been observed in other studies in SSA [45]. This is of major public health concern, as patients who are overweight/obese and have abdominal obesity are predisposed to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome [47].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This observation is supported by findings from other studies, in which those who had been on ART for a short duration were almost twice as undernourished as those who had been taking the ART for a longer duration [11,44]. The explanation for this observation could be that patients who are undernourished at the time of their enrolment on ART, who might have been suffering from a more advanced stage of the disease, become healthier and gain weight over time, with their recovery from opportunistic infections [41,45]. Research has indicated that patients in an advanced stage of the disease are more likely to be malnourished at the time of enrolment in HIV clinics [37,41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The study found that men were less likely to be obese than women. It is imperative that preventive interventions for overweight and abdominal obesity should target HIV-infected individuals, especially women [45]. Household size was significantly associated with overweight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

2020

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The study determined the nutritional status of adult antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients, and investigated the association between the duration on ART and the nutritional status. This study was based in primary health facilities in Gauteng, South Africa. The data collected included sociodemographic variables; the duration of the treatment; and the body mass index (BMI), classified as undernutrition (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), or overweight/obesity (≥25 kg/m2). ART recipients (n = 480) had a mean age of 35 (± 8.4SD) years. All had taken ART for six months or more (range 6–48 months). The data were analyzed using STATA 13.0. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 39%, it was higher in females (46%) than in males (30%), 26% were overweight, and 13% were obese. Underweight was 13%, and was higher in males (18%) than females (9%). Being overweight was more likely in those aged ≥35 years and those in smaller households. Being obese was less likely in males, in the employed, and in those with a higher income, but was more likely in those with a longer duration on ART. Abdominal obesity was high, but less likely in males. Interventions to prevent overweight/obesity should be integrated into routine HIV care, while at the same time addressing the burden of undernutrition among ART recipients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

2020

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“…The odds of central obesity were higher among females compared to males. This finding is supported by studies conducted in Brazil [ 14 ], Nigeria [ 25 ], and Kenya [ 26 ]. This could be expounded by HIV-infected women who had a higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) than the control population [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Central Obesity and Associated Factors among Adult Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Kemal¹,

Ahmed

Teshome

et al. 2021

Journal of Obesity

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Background. Similar to the general population, the prevalence of central obesity is increasing among HIV-infected persons. There are little data on the burden of abdominal obesity using the waist-to-hip ratio measurement in HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of central obesity among HIV patients taking ART in an armed force comprehensive and specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2018. A systematic sampling method was used to select 353 study participants. Pretested World Health Organization stepwise questionnaire, document review, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were used to collect data on different variables under the study. The collected data were entered into EpiData version 3 and analyzed by SPSS version 21. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was considered to declare a statistically significant association. Results. The prevalence of central obesity in this study was 71.7% (95% CI: 67%–76.4%). Besides, the odds of central obesity were associated with being female (AOR: 85.6; 95% CI: 20.09, 364.6), among merchants (AOR: 18.8; 95% CI: 1.39, 255.7), CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 (AOR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.007, 0.160), among respondents taking AZT + 3TC + EFV-based ART regimen (AOR: 8.73; 95% CI: 1.33, 57.17), ABC + 3TC + ATV/r-based regimen (AOR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.94), increased BMI (AOR: 3.50; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.89), and abnormal blood pressure (AOR: 2.53; 95%: 1.13, 5.67). Conclusion. It is possible to conclude that central obesity is a huge public health problem among the HIV-infected population in the study area. Being female, increased BMI, low CD4 count, AZT + 3TC + EFV, ABC + 3TC + ATV/r-based regimen, and abnormal blood pressure were associated with central obesity. Therefore, adequate attention must be paid to primary and secondary control of these factors to reduce the prevalence of abdominal obesity among HIV-infected patients.

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“…However, the mean height and body mass index (BMI) did not differ significantly when compared amongst the groups (p=0. 46 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of microalbumin, cystatin c, creatinine and uric acid levels in HIV patients in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi

Priscilla¹,

Clement²,

Chukwuemeka³

et al. 2021

JCHM

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This study evaluated the microalbumin, cystatin C, creatinine and uric acid levels in HIV patients in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi (NAUTH). A total of one hundred (100) male and female HIV positive and control participants who were aged between 18 and 60 years attending the voluntary counseling and testing unit (VCT) and antiretroviral therapy unit (ART) of NAUTH were randomly recruited for the study and grouped thus: Group A (HIV positive symptomatic participants on long term ART (HPSPLTART) (n= 25); Group B (HIV positive symptomatic participants on short term ART (HPSPSTART) (n= 25); Group C: Asymptomatic HIV positive participants NOT on ART (AHPPNART) (n=25) and Group D: control (n=25).6mls of blood sample and 10mls of freshly voided urine samples were collected from each of the participants for the evaluation of biochemical parameters using standard laboratory methods. Results showed significantly higher BMI and SBP in HPSPSTART than in control (p=0.04; 0.02). SBP was significantly higher in HPSPLTART than in AHPPNART and Control (p=0.00). DBP was significantly higher in HPSPLTART than in HPSPSTART and control respectively (p=0.00). There were significantly higher plasma creatinine and Cys-C levels in both male HIV positives and male HIV positive participants on ART than in both females respectively (p0.00; 0.02). Also, BMI, creatinine, uric acid and Cystatin C levels were significantly higher in male HIV negative participants than in female HIV negative participants (p=0.00; 0.04; 0.02; 0.01). This study has revealed greater risk for renal disease among the HIV participants studied.

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HIV infection, and overweight and hypertension: a cross-sectional study of HIV-infected adults in Western Kenya

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

The Nutritional Status of Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Recipients with a Recent HIV Diagnosis; A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Health Facilities in Gauteng, South Africa

Central Obesity and Associated Factors among Adult Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Evaluation of microalbumin, cystatin c, creatinine and uric acid levels in HIV patients in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi

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