Evaluation of microalbumin, cystatin c, creatinine and uric acid levels in HIV patients in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi

Abstract

This study evaluated the microalbumin, cystatin C, creatinine and uric acid levels in HIV patients in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi (NAUTH). A total of one hundred (100) male and female HIV positive and control participants who were aged between 18 and 60 years attending the voluntary counseling and testing unit (VCT) and antiretroviral therapy unit (ART) of NAUTH were randomly recruited for the study and grouped thus: Group A (HIV positive symptomatic participants on long term ART (HPSPLTART) (n= 25); Group B (HIV positive symptomatic participants on short term ART (HPSPSTART) (n= 25); Group C: Asymptomatic HIV positive participants NOT on ART (AHPPNART) (n=25) and Group D: control (n=25).6mls of blood sample and 10mls of freshly voided urine samples were collected from each of the participants for the evaluation of biochemical parameters using standard laboratory methods. Results showed significantly higher BMI and SBP in HPSPSTART than in control (p=0.04; 0.02). SBP was significantly higher in HPSPLTART than in AHPPNART and Control (p=0.00). DBP was significantly higher in HPSPLTART than in HPSPSTART and control respectively (p=0.00). There were significantly higher plasma creatinine and Cys-C levels in both male HIV positives and male HIV positive participants on ART than in both females respectively (p0.00; 0.02). Also, BMI, creatinine, uric acid and Cystatin C levels were significantly higher in male HIV negative participants than in female HIV negative participants (p=0.00; 0.04; 0.02; 0.01). This study has revealed greater risk for renal disease among the HIV participants studied.

Serum uric acid and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels among people living with HIV on dolutegravir and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir-based antiretroviral therapy: a comparative cross-sectional study

“…Accordingly, patients taking ART for more than 24 months were two times more likely to have hyperuricemia. This is similar to studies done in China and Nigeria ( 23 , 65 ). Patients treated with a DTG-based regimen had a two-fold higher risk of developing hyperuricemia, which was in agreement with a study finding from China ( 59 ), which showed the number of patients with hyperuricemia increased with DTG-containing ART.…”

“…An increased risk of having hyperuricemia was seen among treatment-naive compared to treatment experienced people living with HIV ( 21 , 22 ). It is observed that hyperuricemia was also detected in HIV patients taking HAART ( 23 , 24 ). Accordingly, a study from Italy reported that 25.2% of people living with HIV on HAART developed elevated serum uric acid levels ( 12 ).…”