HIV-hepatitis B virus coinfection

Abstract

HIV infection has a significant impact on the natural history of chronic HBV infection, with increased levels of HBV DNA, accelerated progression of liver disease and increased liver-associated mortality compared to HBV mono-infection. Widespread uptake and early initiation of HBV-active antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially improved the natural history of HIV-HBV co-infection but the prevalence of liver disease remains elevated in this population. In this paper, we review recent studies examining the natural history and pathogenesis of liver disease and seroconversion in HIV-HBV co-infection in the era of HBV-active ART and the effects of HIV directly on liver disease. We also review novel therapeutics for the management of HBV with a particular emphasis on clinical strategies being developed for an HBV cure and an HIV cure and their impact on HIV-HBV co-infected individuals.

Hepatitis B and C virus infection among HIV patients within the public and private healthcare systems in Chile: A cross-sectional serosurvey

“…It is estimated that approximately 7.4% of PLWH are chronically HBV infected; conversely, about 1% of those with chronic HBV infection are HIV infected [14]. Coinfection rates are geographically heterogeneous and vary from 5% to up to 20% worldwide, depending on various factors such as distribution of risk groups, implementation of HBV vaccination programs, and levels of endemicity in the general population [15][16][17]. The highest rates are found in Asia and Africa [18], primarily affecting vulnerable populations of low-/middle-income countries [19].…”

“…The natural history of HBV is complicated by HIV coinfection. Patients have an increased risk of death and progression to liver cirrhosis [16,18,23,24]. The negative impact of HIV/ HBV includes higher HBV replication levels and higher risk of chronic infection or reactivations, and progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).…”

Information Use and Knowledge of HIV/Hepatitis B Co-Infection in Lagos, Nigeria

“…The prevalence of chronic HBV HIV co-infection differs among regions as well as risk based groups [21]. Several studies have been conducted in Europe on the…”

Development of an evidence-based model of rapid testing, counseling and referral patients with HIV, HVC and other STDs in Mexican addiction treatment centers

“…Studies have reported that the prevalence of co-infection between HIV and HBV in the general population ranges from 5% to 20%, but that in PWIDs it is just under 30% (Singh et al, 2017;Thio et al, 2002). As with other diseases, HBV/HIV coinfection is common, causing a greater risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, with up to sixfold progressions of liver disease (Sulkowski, Thomas, Chaisson, & Moore, 2000).…”