History Repeats Itself in Pakistan

Haqqani, Husain

doi:10.1353/jod.2006.0062

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Because of historically strong role of military and bureaucracy in the country (Haqqani, 2006), an organisation is also classified as PC if any one of its top officers or a large shareholder or one of their close friends/relatives has served the military (at least as a two-star general, i.e. major general in Pakistan army, rear admiral in Pakistan navy and air vice marshal in Pakistan air force) or has worked at a top position in the government (at least at additional secretary level in the federal or a provincial government) or in top regulatory or advisory role in a policy-making organisation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political connections and organisational performance: evidence from Pakistan

Cheema

Munir

2016

IJAIM

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The study investigates the association between political connections and organisational performance in Pakistan. It is motivated by mixed findings in the literature regarding the impact of political connections on organisational performance. Further, there is a particular dearth of research on political connections in the South Asian region, thereby leaving an empirical gap in the literature. This study is primarily motivated to address this gap in the literature. In view of a weak regulatory environment, poor implementation of the law and high level of corruption in Pakistan, the study hypothesises a positive association between political connections and organisational performance. Data was collected from 250 non-financial organisations listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) of Pakistan. The results reveal that political connections in Pakistan are common across all industries, however, contrary to the expectations; political connections in Pakistan have a significant negative association with organisational performance. In particular, the study found a significantly negative effect of political connections on return on assets and return on equity. In addition, negative association of political connections with organisational performance is more pronounced for organisations having connections with politicians compared to those having connections with former government officials. The study contributes to the existing literature on political connections by providing evidence of the impact of political connections on organisational performance in high corruption and weak regulatory environment. It is the first study which provides evidence of political connections and their impact on organisational performance in Pakistan. The findings can be generalised to other South Asian countries, with similar socioeconomic , political and regulatory setting.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political connections and organisational performance: evidence from Pakistan

Cheema

Munir

2016

IJAIM

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“…Regional security has also been impacted, with tensions rising with neighbouring countries due to the presence of militant groups (Haqqani, 2010). The ongoing conflict in Afghanistan has contributed to the destabilisation of the region, with Pakistan being one of the primary victims of spill over effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrorism and Extremism as a Non-Traditional Security Threats in Post 9/11: Implications for Pakistan’s Society and Politics

Rashid

2023

JDSS

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This paper examines the implications of terrorism and extremism as non-traditional security threats on Pakistan's society and politics in the post-9/11 era. The objective of the study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how these threats have influenced societal dynamics and political structures within the country. The background section provides context on the rise of terrorism and extremism globally, particularly after the September 11, 2001 attacks. The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of scholarly literature, government reports, and data to assess the impact of terrorism and extremism on various sectors of Pakistani society. The results indicate that these threats have significantly affected social cohesion, religious tolerance, and political stability in Pakistan. Based on the findings, the paper presents recommendations to address these challenges effectively, emphasizing the need for inclusive governance, deradicalization programs, and counterterrorism strategies that focus on both military and socio-economic dimensions.

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“…However, other figures such as Zulfikar's son, terrorist Murtaza Bhutto (1954Bhutto ( -1996 and Benazir's son and current chair of the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), Bilawal, are also featured. The chapters are organised chronologically to examine 'the Bhutto dynasty since Pakistan was created' which is largely 'the story of the conflict between it and the army' as well as the Bhuttos' unsuccessful 'attempts to reach a compromise with the generals' (7). In doing so, Bennett-Jones' study connects to the broader theme of the 'dilemmas faced by Bhuttos -how to think about the West and how to manage the military' which 'are the issues that preoccupy Pakistan as a whole' (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chapters are organised chronologically to examine 'the Bhutto dynasty since Pakistan was created' which is largely 'the story of the conflict between it and the army' as well as the Bhuttos' unsuccessful 'attempts to reach a compromise with the generals' (7). In doing so, Bennett-Jones' study connects to the broader theme of the 'dilemmas faced by Bhuttos -how to think about the West and how to manage the military' which 'are the issues that preoccupy Pakistan as a whole' (7). 3 The book is largely composed of two parts, with the first exploring Zulfikar and his ancestors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This active promotion of a national intelligence security state had severe long-term consequences, not the least of which was the weakening of the political foundations of Bhutto's elected government. 7 Indeed, it weakened the foundations of all future elected governments of Pakistan. In 2000, Mubashir Hasan wrote that 'It has been the tragedy of Pakistan that more than a score of presidents, prime ministers, chief ministers, and parliaments have had an unconstitutional ending because of the policies pursued by a president or prime minister based on the secret information supplied by the intelligence services of the country.'…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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