History of Total Knee Replacement

Murray, David G.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-1825-1_1

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…1,19,28,29 However, it typically generates abnormal knee kinematics, relative to young, normal knees, 5,6,22,24 although our study has shown that the kinematics can be restored following TKR. Given that abnormal kinematics do not preclude a good outcome, more evidence of any clinical benefit is needed to justify the current pursuit by the designers of TKR to reproduce the kinematics of young, normal knees.…”

Section: Kfa * (°) Extension Flexionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Designs of TKR have evolved to meet the goal of restoring normal knee function. 19 Given the importance of both cruciate ligaments in normal function, 2 it might be considered appropriate in TKR either to retain them or to incorporate features which fulfil their role as found in the bicruciatestabilised TKR. Our study has shown that compared with the posterior-stabilised TKR, the bicruciate-stabilised TKR restores kinematics more effectively, and produces a PTA which is higher at near full knee extension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bicruciate-stabilised total knee replacements produce more normal sagittal plane kinematics than posterior-stabilised designs

Ward

Burns

Gillespie

et al. 2011

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume

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Bicruciate-stabilised total knee replacement (TKR) aims to restore normal kinematics by replicating the function of both cruciate ligaments. We performed a prospective, randomised controlled trial in which bicruciate- and posterior-stabilised TKRs were implanted in 13 and 15 osteo-arthritic knees, respectively. The mean age of the bicruciate-stabilised group was 63.9 years (SD 10.00) and that of the posterior-stabilised group 63.2 years (SD 6.7). A control group comprised 14 normal subjects with a mean age of 67.9 years (SD 7.9). The patellar tendon angle (PTA) was measured one week pre-operatively and at seven weeks post-operatively during knee extension, flexion and step-up exercises. At near full extension during step-up, the bicruciate-stabilised TKR produced a higher mean PTA than the posterior-stabilised TKR, indicating that the bicruciate design at least partially restored the kinematic role of the anterior cruciate ligament. The bicruciate-stabilised TKR largely restored the pre-operative kinematics, whereas the posterior-stabilised TKR resulted in a consistently lower PTA at all activities. The PTA in the pre-operative knees was higher than in the control group during the step-up and at near full knee extension. Overall, both groups generated a more normal PTA than that seen in previous studies in high knee flexion. This suggested that both designs of TKR were more effective at replicating the kinematic role of the posterior cruciate ligament than those used in previous studies.

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Section: Kfa * (°) Extension Flexionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicruciate-stabilised total knee replacements produce more normal sagittal plane kinematics than posterior-stabilised designs

Ward

Burns

Gillespie

et al. 2011

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume

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“…6 However, these early prostheses suffered from high failure rates with loosening being the most common complication. [6][7][8] In the 1970s, the total condylar prosthesis emerged as the most significant development in total knee arthroplasty, and such designs now dominate the current TKR market. 9 One of the main causes of the loosening of the early hinged TKRs was believed to be lack of rotation about the longitudinal axis of the leg, leading to increased shear stresses at the bone-implant interface or the bone-cement interface in the case of cemented knee replacements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 However, these early prostheses suffered from high failure rates with loosening being the most common complication. 6–8 In the 1970s, the total condylar prosthesis emerged as the most significant development in total knee arthroplasty, and such designs now dominate the current TKR market. 9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biomechanical evaluation of hinged total knee replacement prostheses

Long

Gheduzzi

Bucher

et al. 2013

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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The number of total knee replacements being performed worldwide is undergoing an unprecedented increase. Hinged total knee replacements, used in complex salvage and revision procedures, currently account for a small but growing proportion of prostheses implanted. Modern hinged prostheses share the same basic configuration, allowing flexion-extension and tibial rotation. One aspect on which designs differ is the anteroposterior location of the hinge. A more posterior hinge is designed to increase the patellar tendon moment arm, reducing the quadriceps force required for a given activity and benefiting the patient. Five commonly used total knee replacements were evaluated in terms of quadriceps force and patellar tendon moment arm using a laboratory-based rig. Significant differences were identified between the five prostheses in quadriceps force and patellar tendon moment arm. Analysis of the correlation between these two parameters indicates that while patellar tendon moment arm influences quadriceps force, it is not the only factor. Also important is the lever function of the patella, and it is suggested here that the non-physiological nature of the prosthetic patellofemoral geometry may result in unnatural joint function. Thus, a thorough understanding of the resulting kinematic function of hinged total knee replacements is becoming increasingly important in complex revision total knee replacement to meet rising patient expectations and functional demands.

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Introduction

Walker¹

2020

The Artificial Knee

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History of Total Knee Replacement

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Bicruciate-stabilised total knee replacements produce more normal sagittal plane kinematics than posterior-stabilised designs

Bicruciate-stabilised total knee replacements produce more normal sagittal plane kinematics than posterior-stabilised designs

A biomechanical evaluation of hinged total knee replacement prostheses

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