History of the Geological Research in Egypt

El-Sharkawi, Mohamed E.; Botros, Nagy Shawky; Madani, Ahmed; Ahmed, Mohamed; Abdellatif, Bassam; El‐Rahman, Yasser Abd; Araffa, Sultan Awad Sultan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15265-9_1

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Moreover, the western and eastern deserts are mainly composed of limestone with some formations of sandstone from the Upper Cretaceous age and sandstone, shale, and basement rocks. In the eastern and south-eastern deserts, there are crystalline basements from igneous and metamorphic rocks [39,40]. The coastline of Alexandria is characterized as an unconformity surface composed of soil sediments, oolitic sand and clay, oolitic limestone (Middle Miocene), grey shelly dolomite, marly dolomite, oncolitic limestone and dolomite, and shelly limestone.…”

Section: Geological Context and Ancient Quarries In Alexandriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Environment Impact on the Construction Materials of Anfushi’s Necropolis (Pharos’s Island) in Alexandria, Egypt

et al. 2022

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The only example and reference of Ptolemaic Alexandrian tombs, with clear integrations of Egyptian-style scenes and decorations, is considered an endangered archaeological site due to different coastal environmental risks in Alexandria and the absence of maintenance. Anfushi’s Necropolis is located near the western harbour (Island of Pharos) and dates back to the 2nd century BC. Sea level rises, earthquakes, flooding, storminess, variations in temperature, rainfall, and wind are the factors that have the largest effect on the destruction and decay of Anfushi’s Necropolis building materials. This paper’s main objectives were to characterize this necropolis’s building materials and assess its durability problems and risks regarding the coastal environment. Additionally, the vector mapping of its architectural and structural elements was applied for documentation and recording purposes for the necropolis. To achieve these aims, field (recording and photographs), desk (engineering drawing and mapping), and laboratory works (X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, binocular microscopy, polarizing microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy) were carried out. The results confirmed the probabilistic risk of sea level rises and its impact on the submergence of Anfushi’s Necropolis. The structural deficiencies of the tombs were caused by the effect of earthquake tremors along with anthropogenic factors. In addition, chemical and microscopic investigations showed that salt weathering (halite and gypsum) induced the decay of the building materials.

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Section: Geological Context and Ancient Quarries In Alexandriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Environment Impact on the Construction Materials of Anfushi’s Necropolis (Pharos’s Island) in Alexandria, Egypt

et al. 2022

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“…Some of the reasons why this work choice Jamma sand and Bagasse ash as absorbent are as follows: i) sugarcane bagasse ash is a sugar factory by product that are available everywhere, in addition to this, bagasse ash is rich in hydroxyl and phenolic groups which are very crucial for absorption of MB from waste water [44][45][46]. ii) Jamma Sand consists of small particles or grains of mineral, in other words, it have high surface areas, which is very important for absorption of MB [46][47][48]. Our experimental results revealed that absorption efficiency of bagasse ash is 99.14% and that of Jamma sand is 93.75%, such difference were due to the porosity of the bagasse ash higher than that of Jamma sand.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on Removal Efficiency of Methylene Blue from Wastewater by using Nano-Scaled Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Jema Silica Sand

MT¹,

Lelisa²,

GB³

2022

Int J Water Wastewater Treat

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The widely available and easily accessible natural resources are very important to remove organic dyes from wastewater. Here in this work, Methyele Blue (MB) removal efficiency of Jemma Silica Sand (JSS) and Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA) from aqueous solutions was investigated. The XRD patterns revealed that both JSS and SCBA are crystalline, but the crystalline size of JSS is 56.27 nm and that of SCBA is 70.90 nm. In addition to the percentage of silicon dioxide in JSS was 98% and in that of SCBA was 71.5% as confirmed by XRF results. The morphology and elemental composition of the two materials were revealed by SEM and EDX. The MB removal efficiency of SCBA (~99.14%) is greater than that of JSS (~93.75) because of its higher porosities nature. The adsorption of MB by SCBA follows the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model indicating chemisorption. Therefore, SCBA is promising absorbent for removing MB from wastewater because of its efficient, cost-effectiveness, and environmentally friendly nature.

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The Arabian–Nubian Shield, an Introduction: Historic Overview, Concepts, Interpretations, and Future Issues

Johnson

2021

The Geology of the Arabian-Nubian Shield

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History of the Geological Research in Egypt

Cited by 4 publications

References 101 publications

Coastal Environment Impact on the Construction Materials of Anfushi’s Necropolis (Pharos’s Island) in Alexandria, Egypt

Coastal Environment Impact on the Construction Materials of Anfushi’s Necropolis (Pharos’s Island) in Alexandria, Egypt

Comparative Study on Removal Efficiency of Methylene Blue from Wastewater by using Nano-Scaled Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Jema Silica Sand

The Arabian–Nubian Shield, an Introduction: Historic Overview, Concepts, Interpretations, and Future Issues

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