History of the Athens Canadian Random Bred and the Athens Random Bred control populations

Collins, Katie; Marks, H. L.; Aggrey, Samuel E.; Lacy, Mary E.; Wilson, Jeffrey J.

doi:10.3382/ps/pew085

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Each broiler population used in this study represents a snapshot in time of the broiler industry and its current stage of genetic selection in addition to a population considered the common ancestor of the modern commercial broiler. The ACRB line was created to represent a genetic population that would be found in the 1950s ( Collins et al., 2016 ). Genetic selection around this time was not as extensive as it is now with most selection practices focusing solely on improving the live weight of the bird ( Thuruvenkadan and Prabakaran, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study used four research lines that are housed and maintained at the University of Arkansas research farm. The first line of birds was the Athens Canadian Random Bred ( ACRB ), which represents a commercial broiler from the 1950s ( Collins, et al., 2016 ). The 1995 random bred ( 95RAN ), consisted of 7 parent stock male and 6 parent stock female lines commercially available in the 1990s ( Harford et al., 2014 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processing evaluation of random bred broiler populations and a common ancestor at 55 days under chronic heat stress conditions

et al. 2020

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As a result of genetic selection, the modern broiler is more efficient, higher yielding, and faster growing than the bird of the 1950s. Unfortunately, as a result of improvement in growth rate, the modern broiler has the potential to struggle under heat stress conditions. The present study evaluates 3 different random bred populations and a common ancestor under both a thermal neutral and heat stress conditions after a 54-D grow-out period. The lines used in this study included the Athens Canadian Random Bred ( ACRB ), a 1995 Random Bred ( 95RAN ), a 2015 Random Bred ( MRB ), and a Junglefowl ( JF ). Male chicks (n = 150/line) were placed by line in environmentally controlled chambers. An 8-h daily cyclic heat stress (36°C) was applied to half of the chambers beginning on day 28 ( HS ) and lasting until processing at day 55, while the remaining chambers remained thermal neutral ( TN ) at 26°C. Dock weights and carcass weights were lower in the HS-95RAN and HS-MRB, compared to their TN counterparts, while the ACRB and JF had no difference in dock and carcass weights regardless of environmental condition. The MRB line had the highest breast yield (27.79%) while the JF (12.79%) and ACRB (12.42%) had the lowest. The 95RAN line had the highest abdominal fat percentage (2.83%) while the MRB line had the lowest moisture uptake during chill. The HS exposure lowered overall breast yield and breast pH at 15 min and 4 h postmortem but did not have an impact on color (L∗) or 24 h breast drip loss. The MRB was scored for both woody breast and white striping. The TN-MRB group had a higher incidence of moderate and severe woody breast and white striping than the HS-MRB group. Based on the results of this study, it appears that HS has a greater negative impact on the higher yielding lines (MRB and 95RAN) than the ACRB and JF and that clear line differences exist between the random bred lines and their common ancestor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing evaluation of random bred broiler populations and a common ancestor at 55 days under chronic heat stress conditions

et al. 2020

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“…The Athens Canadian Random Bred (ACRB) is an unselected meat-type chicken control strain that originated from the Ottawa meat Control strain (OC) (1). The OC chicken was developed by the Canada Department of Agriculture's Research Branch using four stains of white plumage birds, which were selected as breeders of ACRB pedigreed eggs in 1955 (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid Composition and Regulatory Gene Expression in Late-Term Embryos of ACRB and COBB Broilers

Wang

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Cobb broilers (COBB) have been heavily selected for their production performance in the past several decades, while the Athens Canadian Random Bred (ACRB) chickens, a meat-type breed, have been kept as a non-selected control strain. The purpose of this study was to compare these two lines of chickens at late embryonic development and identify the molecular markers and fatty acid profiles underlining their differences in growth performance due to selection. Fertilized eggs of the ACRB (n = 6) and COBB (n = 6) were used at 14 and 18 embryonic days. Genes involved in lipogenesis and myogenesis were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcroptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and fatty acid (FA) compositions of egg yolk, muscle, and liver were measured using gas chromatography. COBB had higher egg weight, embryo weight, and breast and fat ratio. The gene expression in the liver showed an interaction between age and breed on FASN expression, with the highest level in COBB at E18. ACRB had higher ApoB and MTTP expression, but lower SREBP-1 expression compared to COBB. No difference was found in myogenesis gene expression in the muscle between two breeds. For the FA composition, muscle was largely affected by both breed and age. Yolk and liver were affected mainly by breed and age, respectively. Constant interaction effects in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), indicating the highest level in all the tested tissues of ACRB at E14 and the constant main effects with higher myristic, palmitic, and gondoic, but lower linolenic acid in the liver and yolk of COBB compared to the levels in those of ACRB. Finally, fat accumulation in the liver had no obvious difference between the breeds but was higher when embryo was older. In conclusion, broiler breed affects egg, embryo, and tissue weight, as well as FA composition in initial egg yolk and throughout the embryonic development. The highest docosahexaenoic percentage was observed in ACRB, indicating that genetic selection may result in fatty acid profile changes such as lower DHA content in chicken tissues and eggs.

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“…a control strain in many poultry research to eliminate the environmental effects in breeding programs and to monitor changes in commercial broiler over time [1]. The Cobb 500 chicken (COBB), like other commercial stains, was selected on growth rate, feed efficiency, yield, meat quality, and many other aspects.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ACRB=Athens Canadian Random, SFA=saturated fatty acid, Mono=monounsaturated fatty acids.Table 4. Fatty acid composition of the yolk from ACRB and Cobb broiler embryos at E14 and E18 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid composition and regulatory gene expression in late-term embryos of ACRB and COBB broilers

Su¹,

Wang

Suh

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background:Cobb broilers (COBB) have been heavily selected for their production performance in the past several decades, while the Athens Canadian Random Bred (ACRB) chickens, a meat-type breed, has been kept as a non-selected control strain. The purpose of this study was to compare these two lines of chickens at late-embryonic development and identify the molecular markers and fatty acid profiles underlining their differences in growth performance due to selection. Results: COBB had higher egg weight, embryo weight, and breast and fat ratio. The gene expression in the liver showed an interaction between age and breed on FASN (fatty acid synthase) expression with the highest level in COBB at E18. ACRB had higher Apo-B (apolipoprotein B) and MTTP (microsomal triglyceride transfer protein) expression, but lower SREBP-1(regulatory element-binding protein 1) expression compared to COBB. No difference was found in myogenesis gene expression in the muscle between two breeds. For the fatty acid composition, muscle was largely affected by both breed and age. Yolk and liver were affected mainly by breed and age, respectively. Constant interaction effects in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), indicating the highest level in all the tested tissues of ACRB at E14 and the constant main effects with higher myristic, palmitic and gondoic, but lower linolenic acid in the liver and yolk of COBB compared to in those of ACRB. At last, fat accumulation in the liver had no obvious difference between the breeds but was higher when embryo was older. Conclusions: Broiler breed affects egg, embryo and tissue weight, as well as FA composition in initial egg yolk and throughout the embryonic development. The highest docosahexaenoic percentage was observed in ACRB, indicating that genetic selection may result in fatty acid profile changes in chicken tissues and eggs.

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History of the Athens Canadian Random Bred and the Athens Random Bred control populations

Cited by 20 publications

References 86 publications

Processing evaluation of random bred broiler populations and a common ancestor at 55 days under chronic heat stress conditions

Processing evaluation of random bred broiler populations and a common ancestor at 55 days under chronic heat stress conditions

Fatty Acid Composition and Regulatory Gene Expression in Late-Term Embryos of ACRB and COBB Broilers

Fatty acid composition and regulatory gene expression in late-term embryos of ACRB and COBB broilers

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