History of Plant Pathology

Borkar, S. G.

doi:10.1201/b22437

“…We summarize the previous results as follows Remark 3.4 A remark is necessary here with regards to the basic reproduction numbers defined in (5) and (8). They are mathematically equivalent: as indicated in [11] it will depend on the choice of F .…”

Section: Trivial Equilibria and Their Stabilities/unstabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Crop diseases are known since the ancient time (see for instance [33] and also [5]). Plant diseases have been recorded in a few Egyptian writings, on sumerian clay tablets (1200 BC), and also in the Old testament and in the Talmud.…”

Section: Crop Diseases In the Pastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…represent an horizontal transmission (through vectors) Remark 3.1 Note also that when (m i − m h )P * + γ = 0, that is when there is no roguing, i.e., γ = 0, and m i = m h , we have V 0 = 1, such that we always have R 0 > 1. (5), for the basic reproduction ratio, it would be biologically more natural to consider V 0 + √ H 0 , with both ways of transmission: the one-phase infectious process, from plant to plant, and the two-phase infectious process, from vector to plant and from plant to vector. Indeed,…”

Section: Computation Of Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Mathematical Epidemiology to Crop Vector-Borne Diseases: The Cassava Mosaic Virus Disease Case

Chapwanya

¹

,

Dumont

²

2020

Mathematics of Planet Earth

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In this chapter, an application of Mathematical Epidemiology to crop vector-borne diseases is presented to investigate the interactions between crops, vectors, and virus. The main illustrative example is the cassava mosaic disease (CMD). The CMD virus has two routes of infection: through vectors and also through infected crops. In the field, the main tool to control CMD spreading is roguing. The presented biological model is sufficiently generic and the same methodology can be adapted to other crops or crop vector-borne diseases. After an introduction where a brief history of crop diseases and useful information on Cassava and CMD is given, we develop and study a compartmental temporal model, taking into account the crop growth and the vector dynamics. A brief qualitative analysis of the model is provided,i.e., existence and uniqueness of a solution,existence of a disease-free equilibrium and existence of an endemic equilibrium. We also provide conditions for local (global) asymptotic stability and show that a Hopf Bifurcation may occur, for instance, when diseased plants are removed. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate all possible behaviors. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and numerical outputs in terms of crop protection.

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“…Remark 3. 4 A remark is necessary here with regards to the basic reproduction numbers defined in (5) and (8). They are mathematically equivalent: as indicated in [11] it will depend on the choice of F .…”

Section: Remark 33mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Mathematical Epidemiology to crop vector-borne diseases. The cassava mosaic virus disease case

Chapwanya,

Dumont

2019

Preprint

1

0

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In this chapter, an application of Mathematical Epidemiology to crop vector-borne diseases is presented to investigate the interactions between crops, vectors, and virus. The main illustrative example is the cassava mosaic disease (CMD). The CMD virus has two routes of infection: through vectors and also through infected crops. In the field, the main tool to control CMD spreading is roguing. The presented biological model is sufficiently generic and the same methodology can be adapted to other crops or crop vector-borne diseases. After an introduction where a brief history of crop diseases and useful information on Cassava and CMD is given, we develop and study a compartmental temporal model, taking into account the crop growth and the vector dynamics. A brief qualitative analysis of the model is provided,i.e., existence and uniqueness of a solution,existence of a disease-free equilibrium and existence of an endemic equilibrium. We also provide conditions for local (global) asymptotic stability and show that a Hopf Bifurcation may occur, for instance, when diseased plants are removed. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate all possible behaviors. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and numerical outputs in terms of crop protection.

show abstract

“…Emerging plant pathogens and pests are costly both economically and environmentally for society [1][2][3][4]. Among valuable crops recurrently affected by emerging diseases, grapevine occupies a remarkable place in the history of plant pathology [5][6][7][8]. Nowadays, Pierce's disease (PD) is considered a potential major threat to winegrowers worldwide [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global predictions for the risk of establishment of Pierce’s disease of grapevines

Giménez-Romero

¹

,

Galván

²

,

Montesinos³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The vector-borne bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is responsible for Pierce’s disease (PD), a lethal grapevine illness that originated in the Americas. The international plant trade is expanding the geographic range of this pathogen, posing a new threat to viticulture worldwide. To assess the potential incidence of PD, we have built a dynamic epidemiological model based on the response of 36-grapevine varieties to the pathogen in inoculation assays and on the vectors’ distribution when this information is available. Key temperature-driven epidemiological processes, such as PD symptom development and recovery, are mechanistically modelled. Integrating into the model highresolution spatiotemporal climatic data from 1981 onward and different infectivity (R0) scenarios, we show how the main wine-producing areas thrive mostly in non-risk, transient, or epidemic-risk zones with potentially low growth rates in PD incidence. Epidemic-risk zones with moderate to high growth rates are currently marginal outside the United States. However, a global expansion of epidemic-risk zones coupled with small increments in the disease growth rate is projected for 2050. Our study globally downscales the risk of PD establishment while highlighting the importance of considering climate variability, vector distribution and an invasive criterion in obtaining accurate risk maps to guide policy decision-making in plant health.

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History of Plant Pathology

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Application of Mathematical Epidemiology to Crop Vector-Borne Diseases: The Cassava Mosaic Virus Disease Case

Application of Mathematical Epidemiology to Crop Vector-Borne Diseases: The Cassava Mosaic Virus Disease Case

Application of Mathematical Epidemiology to crop vector-borne diseases. The cassava mosaic virus disease case

Global predictions for the risk of establishment of Pierce’s disease of grapevines

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