“…It is also as a prerequisite for effective enquiry-based teaching identified by McDiarmid, Ball, and Anderson (1989), and by McNamara (1991). Sophistication covers an awareness of scholarly debates (Rogers, 1979), and recommendation for the increasing acquaintance of the writings of historians and a knowledge of typical historical controversies (VanSledright, 1996;Nichol with Dean, 1997;McAleavy, 2000). The need for discipline, especially in restraining the effect of diffusion of focus in crosscurricular work, has been identified by Rogers (1979) and the DES (1990).…”