Historical perspectives on ambient ozone and its effects on the Sierra Nevada

Carroll, John J.; Miller, Paul R.; Pronos, J.

doi:10.1016/s1474-8177(02)02002-8

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…2). These values correspond roughly to the growth periods of needles harvested from PNF, MK, and GF and demonstrate the previously reported increasing north to south O 3 gradient (Tingey et al, 2001; Carroll et al, 2003). The Quincy station is 560 m lower than the PNF site, the Lookout Mountain station is 780 m lower than the MK site, and the Lower Kaweah station is 100 m lower than the GF site and at the same elevation as the MK site.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Needles uptake O 3 primarily during non‐peak O 3 concentration periods and thus experience delayed symptoms of chronic exposure. Nonetheless, there is a lack of reported O 3 –damaged pine trees in the Plumas National Forest as compared with much evidence of O 3 damage in Sequoia‐Kings Canyon National Park, which indicates a loose relationship between high exposure and O 3 damage (Carroll et al, 2003). Data were obtained from the California Air Resources Board.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pigment‐based Identification of Ozone‐Damaged Pine Needles as a Basis for Spectral Segregation of Needle Conditions

Vittorio

2009

J of Env Quality

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Air pollution affects large areas of forest, and field assessment of these effects is a costly, site-specific process. This paper establishes a biochemical basis for identifying ozone-damaged pine trees to facilitate efficient remote sensing assessment of air pollution damage. Several thousand live needles were collected from ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and Jeffrey pine (P. jeffreyi) trees at three sites in Plumas National Forest and Sequoia-Kings Canyon National Park. These needles were assembled into 504 samples (based on the abaxial surface) and grouped according to five dominant needle conditions (green, winter fleck, sucking insect damage, scale insect damage, and ozone damage) and a random mixture of needles. Pigment concentrations per unit needle area of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids were measured. The following pigment concentration ratios were calculated for all samples: chlorophyll a/total carotenoids, chlorophyll b/total carotenoids, total chlorophyll/carotenoids, chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b. The group of ozone-damaged needles had significantly lower mean pigment concentrations (family-wise p < 0.01) and significantly lower mean chlorophyll a/total carotenoid and total chlorophyll/total carotenoid ratios (family-wise p < 0.01) than all other groups of needles. Ozone-damaged needles had a significantly lower mean chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio than all other groups except one (family-wise p < 0.01). Linear discriminant analysis with three factors (chlorophyll a concentration, the chlorophyll a/carotenoid ratio, and the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio) and subsequent maximum likelihood classification of damaged and non-damaged needles gave an overall cross-validated accuracy of 96%. These ozone-damaged needles are biochemically unique in relation to other needle conditions in this study, and further research is needed to generalize these results.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pigment‐based Identification of Ozone‐Damaged Pine Needles as a Basis for Spectral Segregation of Needle Conditions

Vittorio

2009

J of Env Quality

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“…The western slope of the Sierra Nevada in California has been adversely affected by O 3 since the early 1980s (Carroll et al . ). Daytime means of 60–80 nl O 3 ·l −1 are common (Böhm et al .…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), symptoms of O 3 injury have been found on pines in all of the Sierra Nevada National Forests and Parks (Carroll et al . ). Typical O 3 ‐induced visible foliar symptoms, including chlorophyll degradation, chlorotic mottle and premature senescence, are observed in ponderosa pine (Peterson et al .…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone effects on plants in natural ecosystems

2019

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Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) is an important stressor in natural ecosystems, with welldocumented impacts on soils, biota and ecological processes. The effects of O 3 on individual plants and processes scale up through the ecosystem through effects on carbon, nutrient and hydrologic dynamics. Ozone effects on individual species and their associated microflora and fauna cascade through the ecosystem to the landscape level. Systematic injury surveys demonstrate that foliar injury occurs on sensitive species throughout the globe. However, deleterious impacts on plant carbon, water and nutrient balance can also occur without visible injury. Because sensitivity to O 3 may follow coarse physiognomic plant classes (in general, herbaceous crops are more sensitive than deciduous woody plants, grasses and conifers), the task still remains to use stomatal O 3 uptake to assess class and species' sensitivity. Investigations of the radial growth of mature trees, in combination with data from many controlled studies with seedlings, suggest that ambient O 3 reduces growth of mature trees in some locations. Models based on tree physiology and forest stand dynamics suggest that modest effects of O 3 on growth may accumulate over time, other stresses (prolonged drought, excess nitrogen deposition) may exacerbate the direct effects of O 3 on tree growth, and competitive interactions among species may be altered. Ozone exposure over decades may be altering the species composition of forests currently, and as fossil fuel combustion products generate more O 3 than deteriorates in the atmosphere, into the future as well.

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“…Ozone injury to forest species in the United States has been observed and documented since the 1950s. Although high ozone concentrations (and injury) have been more widespread in the East (Chapellka andSamuelson 1998, Cleveland andGraedel 1979), portions of California have had some of the highest recorded concentrations of ozone in the United States (Bytnerowicz et al 2003, Carroll et al 2003) ( fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone injury in west coast forests: 6 years of monitoring.

Campbell¹,

Wanek²,

Coulston³

2007

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The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation's forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the national forests and national grasslands, it strives-as directed by Congress-to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.

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Historical perspectives on ambient ozone and its effects on the Sierra Nevada

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Pigment‐based Identification of Ozone‐Damaged Pine Needles as a Basis for Spectral Segregation of Needle Conditions

Pigment‐based Identification of Ozone‐Damaged Pine Needles as a Basis for Spectral Segregation of Needle Conditions

Ozone effects on plants in natural ecosystems

Ozone injury in west coast forests: 6 years of monitoring.

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