Ozone effects on plants in natural ecosystems

Grulke, Nancy; Heath, Robert L.

doi:10.1111/plb.12971

Cited by 158 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 333 publications

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“…Conversely, environmental conditions that cause higher stomatal conductance than necessary for CO 2 absorption can exacerbate damage from O 3 absorption in forests. However, trees differ in their ability to detoxify O 3 by biochemical reactions that vary with age and ability [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Importance of Some East Asian Tree Species for Refinement of Air Quality by Estimating Air Pollution Tolerance Index, Anticipated Performance Index, and Air Pollutant Uptake

et al. 2020

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Potentials of tree species as biofilters depend on appropriate selection based on their tolerance to air pollution, which is usually evaluated by the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API). Thus, these index values need as a means of scientific understanding to assess the role of urban trees for better greenspace planning/management to mitigate impacts of gaseous air pollution such as ozone (O3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). O3 exposure to Chionanthus retusus, Pinus densiflora, and Ginkgo biloba showed higher stomatal O3 flux than the others, finally resulting in both favoring stomatal movement and maintaining carbon fixation. In contrast, despite the whole tree enhanced SO2 uptake under excess SO2 exposure, the carbon assimilation capacity was only found in Taxus cuspidata and Zelkova serrata as a consequence of no stomatal sluggishness. On the basis of API, P. densiflora and Prunus × yedoensis were good performers for developing greenspace, while Z. serrata and G. biloba were moderate performers; however, C. retusus and T. cuspidata were estimated to be poor and very poor performers, respectively, for reducing the air quality injury caused by air pollutants. The present study suggests that an integration of both APTI and API based on stomatal absorption flux is needed for selecting sound tree-species in greenspace planning/construction to control gaseous air pollutions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Importance of Some East Asian Tree Species for Refinement of Air Quality by Estimating Air Pollution Tolerance Index, Anticipated Performance Index, and Air Pollutant Uptake

et al. 2020

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“…Tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) is recognized as a significant phytotoxic air pollutant (Grulke & Heath, ). The background level of O 3 concentration is constantly increasing due to increased human activity since the pre‐industrial age (Mills et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water use strategy affects avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure in Mediterranean trees—A modelling analysis

Hoshika

Fares

Pellegrini

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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Both ozone (O3) and drought can limit carbon fixation by forest trees. To cope with drought stress, plants have isohydric or anisohydric water use strategies. Ozone enters plant tissues through stomata. Therefore, stomatal closure can be interpreted as avoidance to O3 stress. Here, we applied an optimization model of stomata involving water, CO2, and O3 flux to test whether isohydric and anisohydric strategies may affect avoidance of O3 stress by stomatal closure in four Mediterranean tree species during drought. The data suggest that stomatal closure represents a response to avoid damage to the photosynthetic mechanisms under elevated O3 depending on plant water use strategy. Under high‐O3 and well‐watered conditions, isohydric species limited O3 fluxes by stomatal closure, whereas anisohydric species activated a tolerance response and did not actively close stomata. Under both O3 and drought stress, however, anisohydric species enhanced the capacity of avoidance by closing stomata to cope with the severe oxidative stress. In the late growing season, regardless of the water use strategy, the efficiency of O3 stress avoidance decreased with leaf ageing. As a result, carbon assimilation rate was decreased by O3 while stomata did not close enough to limit transpirational water losses.

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“…The AsA content increased in the leaves of many herbaceous plants, including crops, growing at polluted sites [145][146][147]. However, deciduous woody plants and conifers were more tolerant to O 3 than herbaceous crops [148]. Although AsA levels shape the baseline of plant stress responses, knowledge concerning the involvement of AA in plant recovery after O 3 stress has yet to be elucidated [149].…”

Section: Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbic Acid—The Little-Known Antioxidant in Woody Plants

et al. 2019

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly produced by metabolically active plant cells. The concentration of ROS may determine their role, e.g., they may participate in signal transduction or cause oxidative damage to various cellular components. To ensure cellular homeostasis and minimize the negative effects of excess ROS, plant cells have evolved a complex antioxidant system, which includes ascorbic acid (AsA). AsA is a multifunctional metabolite with strong reducing properties that allows the neutralization of ROS and the reduction of molecules oxidized by ROS in cooperation with glutathione in the Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle. Antioxidant enzymes involved in AsA oxidation and reduction switches evolved uniquely in plants. Most experiments concerning the role of AsA have been performed on herbaceous plants. In addition to extending our understanding of this role in additional taxa, fundamental knowledge of the complex life cycle stages of woody plants, including their development and response to environmental factors, will enhance their breeding and amend their protection. Thus, the role of AsA in woody plants compared to that in nonwoody plants is the focus of this paper. The role of AsA in woody plants has been studied for nearly 20 years. Studies have demonstrated that AsA is important for the growth and development of woody plants. Substantial changes in AsA levels, as well as reduction and oxidation switches, have been reported in various physiological processes and transitions described mainly in leaves, fruits, buds, and seeds. Evidently, AsA exhibits a dual role in the photoprotection of the photosynthetic apparatus in woody plants, which are the most important scavengers of ozone. AsA is associated with proper seed production and, thus, woody plant reproduction. Similarly, an important function of AsA is described under drought, salinity, temperature, light stress, and biotic stress. This report emphasizes the involvement of AsA in the ecological advantages, such as nutrition recycling due to leaf senescence, of trees and shrubs compared to nonwoody plants.

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Ozone effects on plants in natural ecosystems

Cited by 158 publications

References 333 publications

Evaluation of the Importance of Some East Asian Tree Species for Refinement of Air Quality by Estimating Air Pollution Tolerance Index, Anticipated Performance Index, and Air Pollutant Uptake

Evaluation of the Importance of Some East Asian Tree Species for Refinement of Air Quality by Estimating Air Pollution Tolerance Index, Anticipated Performance Index, and Air Pollutant Uptake

Water use strategy affects avoidance of ozone stress by stomatal closure in Mediterranean trees—A modelling analysis

Ascorbic Acid—The Little-Known Antioxidant in Woody Plants

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