Historical Information and Physical Examination

Bartges, Joe; Polzin, David J.

doi:10.1002/9781118785546.ch4

Cited by 13 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Protein restriction is a common dietary modification in therapeutic RDs,22, 23, 24, 25 and can reduce proteinuria in dogs with glomerulopathies 20. However, if protein restriction is too severe (1.83 g of protein/100 kcal of digestible energy), protein malnutrition can occur 20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renal proteinuria mainly results from glomerular or tubular pathology or both, but it can also be caused by inflammatory or infiltrative renal diseases 2, 6, 7, 8, 9. In the clinical setting, proteinuria is generally quantitated by measuring the urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPC).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the clinical setting, proteinuria is generally quantitated by measuring the urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPC). Values persistently >0.5 (>0.4 in cats) and associated with inactive urine sediment are abnormal and indicative of CKD 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Studies in humans and animals have demonstrated that proteinuria can promote progression of kidney disease 11, 12.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, persistent proteinuria has extrarenal consequences including sodium retention, edema, ascites, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, hypercoagulability, muscle wasting, and weight loss 13. These consequences prompted research into novel therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing proteinuria, including identification and treatment of underlying disorders, pharmacologic management, and dietary modifications 2, 7, 9. The pharmacologic management of dogs with proteinuria comprises administration of angiotensine‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and low doses of aspirin 7, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Dietary supplementation with omega‐3 PUFAs reduced proteinuria and prevented deterioration of glomerular filtration rate in remnant‐kidney model dogs,21 but the benefits of this supplementation in dogs with spontaneous proteinuria are not well documented. Compared to maintenance diets (MDs), therapeutic RDs may be modified in some or all of the following ways: reducing protein, phosphorus, and sodium content; increasing B‐vitamin content, caloric density, and soluble fiber; a neutral effect on acid‐base balance; supplementing with omega‐3 PUFAs and potassium (feline diets); and adding antioxidants 22, 23. These diets reduce the incidence of uremic crisis and mortality in dogs and cats with azotemic CKD compared with MDs 24, 25.…”

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Evaluation of the Effects of a Therapeutic Renal Diet to Control Proteinuria in Proteinuric Non‐Azotemic Dogs Treated with Benazepril

Cortadellas

Talavera

Palacio

2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundAngiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are currently used to control proteinuria in dogs with chronic kidney disease. Renal diets (RDs) have beneficial effects in the management of azotemic dogs, but its role in proteinuric non‐azotemic (PNAz) dogs has been poorly documented.HypothesisAdministration of a RD to PNAz dogs treated with benazepril (Be) improves proteinuria control compared with the administration of a maintenance diet (MD).AnimalsTwenty‐two PNAz (urine protein/creatinine ratio [UPC] >1) dogs.MethodsRandomized open label clinical trial design. Dogs were assigned to group‐MD (5.5 g protein/100 kcal ME)/Be or to group‐RD (3.7 g protein/100 kcal ME)/Be group during 60 days. Dogs with serum albumin (Alb) <2 g/dL received aspirin (1 mg/kg/12 hours). A physical examination, systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurement, complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry panel, urinalysis, and UPC were performed at day 0 (D0) and day 60 (D60).ResultsAt D0, there were no significant differences between groups in the evaluated variables. During the study, logUPC (geometric mean (95% CI) and SBP (mean±SD mmHg) significantly decreased (paired t‐test, P = 0.001) in Group‐RD (logUPCD0 = 3.16[1.9–5.25]; UPCD60 = 1.20 [0.59–2.45]; SBPD0 = 160 ± 17.2; SBPD60 = 151 ± 15.8), but not in Group‐MD (UPCD0 = 3.63[2.69–4.9]; UPCD60 = 2.14 [0.76–6.17]; SBPD0 = 158 ± 14.7; SBPD60 = 153 ± 11.5). However, RM‐ANOVA test did not confirm that changes were consequence of dietary modification. Weight and Alb concentration did not change significantly in any group.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceThe administration of a RD to PNAz dogs treated with Be might help to control proteinuria and SBP compared with the administration of a MD, without inducing clinically detectable malnutrition, but more studies are warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Effects of a Therapeutic Renal Diet to Control Proteinuria in Proteinuric Non‐Azotemic Dogs Treated with Benazepril

Cortadellas

Talavera

Palacio

2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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The effect of urine acidification on calcium oxalate relative supersaturation in cats

Bijsmans

Quéau

Feugier

et al. 2021

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Over the past 35 years, there has been a shift in the mineral composition of uroliths diagnosed in cats. Reports from the 1980s describe the majority of uroliths being composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP, or struvite) (Cannon et al., 2007;Houston & Moore, 2009;Osborne et al., 2009). However, in the mid-1990s, MAP only represented a third of submitted uroliths, and the vast majority was analyses as calcium oxalate (CaOx). The decrease in MAP uroliths seemed mirrored by the increase in CaOx, with uroliths of other mineral types remaining fairly consistent (Cannon et al., 2007;Houston & Moore, 2009;Osborne et al., 2009). The apparent reciprocal relationship between MAP and CaOx has been hypothesized to result from the increasing use of struvite calculolytic and preventative commercial diets. The acidifying properties of these diets have been hypothesized to increase urine calcium excretion, a risk factor for

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Unusual urachal remnant disease in a six‐month‐old golden retriever

Marcos

Andaluz

Bachs³

2017

Vet Record Case Reports

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A six-month-old male entire golden retriever was presented with an umbilical mass noted by the owners four days before. Clinical examination revealed fever (39.7°C) and an umbilical fistulised abscess. Abdominal palpation revealed a solid mass in the caudal abdomen. The ultrasonographic study confirmed the presence of an abdominal mass (7 cm in diameter) adhered to several abdominal organs, mild localised peritonitis and an umbilical defect. The mass was compatible with an abscess or a granuloma potentially associated with an urachal remnant. An exploratory laparotomy confirmed the suspicion. The mass was removed and the urachal remnant corrected. Histopathology revealed the presence of a granuloma with multiple necrotic areas and basophilic structures suggestive of bacterial infection. Few days after surgery, all clinical signs resolved completely. Urachal remnants are rarely reported in small animals. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report describing such a severe presentation with complete resolution.

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Historical Information and Physical Examination

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the Effects of a Therapeutic Renal Diet to Control Proteinuria in Proteinuric Non‐Azotemic Dogs Treated with Benazepril

Evaluation of the Effects of a Therapeutic Renal Diet to Control Proteinuria in Proteinuric Non‐Azotemic Dogs Treated with Benazepril

The effect of urine acidification on calcium oxalate relative supersaturation in cats

Unusual urachal remnant disease in a six‐month‐old golden retriever

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