Historical change of soil Pb content and Pb isotope signatures of the cultural layers in urban Nanjing

Zhang, Gan‐Lin; Yang, Fugui; Zhao, Wei; Zhao, Yu-Guo; Yang, Jin-Ling; Zi-tong, Gong

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2006.04.013

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The special technogenic substrata could appear in the whole soil profile to more than 6 m (Schleuss et al 2000;Zhang et al 2007). Burghardt (2000) classified the substrate according to the method of deposition of material, the kind of man-influenced and man-made material, the modification of the material by treatment and the content of skeletons irrespective of fine earth.…”

Section: Urban Soil Substratamentioning

confidence: 98%

Formation, characteristics and eco-environmental implications of urban soils – A review

Yang

Zhang

2015

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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120

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Soils in urban areas have versatile functions, and their ecological services, especially the ability to buffer and purify pollutants, are very much needed. However, the formation and characteristics of urban soils are strongly affected by human activities, and so are their functions. In urban areas, soil horizons are often irregularly established, with anthropogenic layers and a high degree of heterogeneity owing to human disturbance and infill. Soil structure is often under degradation due to artifacts and technogenic substrata, mechanical compaction and human trampling. Physical degradation, such as compaction and destruction of structure, may reduce the ability of urban soils in infiltrating water and storing capacity, thus causing a higher runoff and pollutant load to the receiving water bodies. Soil compaction is also believed to worsen city heat island effects by reflecting more radiation, and seriously reduce the soil gas capacity and exchange. However, soil sealing fully loses its service function, further deteriorating urban ecology and environment. Enrichment of various waste materials associated with human activities, including nutrient elements, heavy metals and organic pollution, is the major problem of the urban soil environment. Materials containing rich liming in the urban soils lead to alkaline soil conditions, which can change element speciation and activities. The main features of urban soil contamination are characterized by strong accumulation of so-called "urban elements" such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), but less accumulation of other heavy metals. During the process of urban development, heavy metal contamination of urban soils not only happens nowadays, but also did in the past, especially when primitive mining and metal processing prevailed. Furthermore, urban soils are often polluted by organic pollutants, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Platinum group elements (PGE), especially platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh) from automobile exhaust catalysts, are also accumulated in urban soils as affected by traffic. Physical and chemical degradation decrease soil enzymes and microbial activities, especially in industrial zones with high concentrations of heavy metals, low concentrations of organic matter and serious compaction. Unfortunately, the evolution of urban soil and attenuation of ecological function are believed to ultimately harm human welfare. Therefore, it is very important to establish a risk assessment system for better management of urban soil resources.

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Section: Urban Soil Substratamentioning

confidence: 98%

Formation, characteristics and eco-environmental implications of urban soils – A review

Yang

Zhang

2015

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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120

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“…Furthermore, besides spatial http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.01.048 0045-6535/Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. variation, the concentration levels and source contributions of HMs in urban soils may also vary with depth, due to the temporal input characteristics and leaching transport of pollutants (Zhang et al, 2007). In order to identify the detailed sources for soil HMs and to better understand their fate and sink, it is necessary to investigate their patterns relating to urban soil profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source identification and apportionment of heavy metals in urban soil profiles

et al. 2015

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“…The calculated exogenous 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratios (IR exo ) that are supposed to be closer to the anthropogenic sources ranged from 1.1574 to 1.2245. Investigation of lead isotopes for various types of anthropogenic sources in YRD region has demonstrated that values of 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratio are generally lower than 1.2 (Chen et al 1998;Zheng et al 2004;Lu et al 2005;Zhang et al 2007). Semlali et al (2001) pointed out that 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratio [1.20 for exogenous Pb could indicate presence of geogenetic exogenous lead, for instance originating from environmental granite rocks.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Isotopic Compositions For Endogenous and mentioning

confidence: 97%

Endogenous and exogenous lead in soils of Yangtze River Delta region, China: identified by lead isotopic compositions and multi-elemental approaches

Zhang

Luo

2010

Environ Earth Sci

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Thirty typical soil profiles were sampled in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region and analyzed for stable lead (Pb) isotopes and total concentrations of Pb and scandium (Sc). Pb isotopic compositions of A-horizon and C-horizon and Pb/Sc ratio were combined to estimate the amounts of endogenous and exogenous Pb accumulated in topsoil and identify possible sources. The results indicated that Pb exhibits a trend of accumulation in topsoil at regional scale. The isotopic composition of endogenous Pb is characterized by a narrow range of isotope ratios, varying with parent material, while that of exogenous Pb is characterized by a comparatively wide range of isotope ratios, varying with anthropogenic source. Coal combustion is probably the most important anthropogenic source of exogenous Pb in the soils of YRD region, as identified by isotopic ratio cross-plot combined with multi-elemental approaches.

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Historical change of soil Pb content and Pb isotope signatures of the cultural layers in urban Nanjing

Cited by 38 publications

References 16 publications

Formation, characteristics and eco-environmental implications of urban soils – A review

Formation, characteristics and eco-environmental implications of urban soils – A review

Source identification and apportionment of heavy metals in urban soil profiles

Endogenous and exogenous lead in soils of Yangtze River Delta region, China: identified by lead isotopic compositions and multi-elemental approaches

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