Historical change of heavy metals in urban soils of Nanjing, China during the past 20 centuries

Zhang, Gan‐Lin; Yang, Fugui; Zhao, Yu-Guo; Zhao, Wei; Yang, Jin-Ling; Gong, Zhefeng

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2005.05.035

Cited by 55 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…All over the world, heavy metals soil contamination of agricultural sites is a core problem on defense-related and industrial sites [1]. Human actions like mining industries and metal manufacture with storage, transportation and disposal problems are the main sources of pollution [2]. Plant and soils get accumulated with heavy metals which could have a negative effect on the physiological activities of plants, and these activities determine the reductions in plant growth, dry matter accumulation and yield [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosorption and Bioaccumulation of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal-Resistant Fungal Isolates

et al. 2015

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Microorganisms play an important role in the bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated wastewater and soil. In this research, isolation of heavy metal-resistant fungi was carried out from wastewater-treated soil samples of Hudiara drain, Lahore. The purpose of the present investigation was to observe fungal absorption behavior toward heavy metal. The optimum pH and temperature conditions for heavy metal removal were determined for highly tolerant isolates of Aspergillus spp. along with the initial metal concentration and contact time. Biosorption capacity of A. flavus and A. niger was checked against Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively. The optimal pH was 8-9 for A. flavus and 4-5.4 for A. niger, whereas optimal temperature was 26 and 37 • C, respectively. Moreover, the biosorption capacity of A. flavus was 20.75-93.65 mg g −1 for Cu(II) with initial concentration 200-1400 ppm. On the other hand, biosorption capacity of A. niger for Pb(II) ranged from 3.25 to 172.25 mg g −1 with the same range of initial metal concentration. It was also found that equilibrium was maintained after maximum adsorption. The adsorption data were then fitted to Langmuir model with a coefficient of determination >0.90. The knowledge of the present study will be helpful for further research on the bioremediation of polluted soil.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosorption and Bioaccumulation of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal-Resistant Fungal Isolates

et al. 2015

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“…Cow manure Temperature: thermophilic conditions Addition of VFA affected CH 4 yield, pH, and gas production Pind et al (2003) be a consequence of industrial activities that eliminate residues in the soil and aqueous media that in long term promote their accumulation (Glick 2003) with a majority of the sources being anthropogenic (Zhang et al 2005). For Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn, their toxicity increases as follows: Pb \ Zn \ Cu \ Cd (Bååth 1989), depending on numerous abiotic and biotic factors.…”

Section: Effects Of Heavy Metals On Anaerobic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of heavy metals as stress factors on anaerobic digestion processes and biogas production from biomass

Mudhoo

Kumar

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

227

100

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Heavy metals affect the biochemical reactions that take place during anaerobic digestion processes of organic matter. In this review, the different effects observed in anaerobic digestion processes and during the production of biomethane and biohydrogen from several substrates contaminated with and/or inheriting heavy metals from the substrates themselves were discussed. It has been found that heavy metals exert important roles in biochemical reactions. Heavy metals like copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium, chromium and lead have been overwhelmingly reported to be inhibitory and under certain conditions toxic in biochemical reactions depending on their concentrations. Heavy metals like iron may also exhibit stimulatory effects, but these effects have been scantily observed. This review also concludes that the severity of heavy metal inhibition depends upon factors like metal concentration in a soluble, ionic form in the solution, type of metal species, and amount and distribution of biomass in the digester or chain of biochemical reactions which constitute the anaerobic digestion process. A majority of studies have demonstrated that the toxic effect of heavy metals like chromium, cadmium and nickel is attributable to a disruption of enzyme function and structure by binding of the metal ions with thiol and other groups on protein molecules or by replacing naturally occurring metals in enzyme prosthetic groups. This review has not found published data on the effects of heavy metals on the hydrolysis stage of anaerobic digestion process chemistry, and hence further studies are required to depict any changes.

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“…Considering the risk of pollution in urban soils, many studies have focused on their chemical characteristics (Maas et al 2010;Zhang et al 2005). However, the effects of the soil physical characteristics have not been adequately correlated to the local environment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Water infiltration in urban soils and its effects on the quantity and quality of runoff

2011

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Purpose Urban soil characteristics, especially soil physical properties, are subject to dramatic changes due to compaction by intensive human activities, which may cause frequent flood events during the rainy seasons. The aim of this study was to explore the water infiltration characteristics of urban soils with different degrees of compaction and to determine the effects of infiltration on environmental problems in urban areas. Materials and methods Ten typical land use patterns with various vegetation and age were selected in Nanjing City, China to determine the infiltration rates by the dual-ring method. Three replicated sites were done in the same combined mode. At the same time, other soil physical and chemical properties that may affect infiltration rate were also determined. In addition, urban surface runoff coefficients were estimated according to final infiltrations and rain intensities in the different degrees of soil compaction. The quality of flood water from a strong rainstorm in a main road in Nanjing was analyzed. Results and discussion The final infiltration rates of urban soils were highly variable (from very slow to very fast). Low soil infiltration rates are related to many factors; however, urban soil compaction is the leading one.Infiltration rates decreased with an increase in the bulk density and with a reduction in the air-filled porosity. Thus, large amounts of macropores increase the infiltration rate and reduce surface runoff. Runoff coefficients of compacted soils with low infiltration rates were high, especially for extremely compacted soil. As a result, the prevalence of flooding is high in compacted soils, and the quality of surface runoff water is reduced during flooding events. The concentrations of NO 3 − -N, total nitrogen, molybdatereactive phosphorus, total phosphors, and suspended material in urban surface runoff were significantly higher than those observed in forested or agricultural watersheds.Conclusions In urban areas, low infiltration rates caused by soil compaction have negative effects on the ecoenvironment of the city and result in increased instantaneous flooding and poor surface water quality. Thus, to improve the eco-environment of urban areas, the amount of greenbelt soil must be increased and soil compaction must be reduced.

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Historical change of heavy metals in urban soils of Nanjing, China during the past 20 centuries

Cited by 55 publications

References 14 publications

Biosorption and Bioaccumulation of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal-Resistant Fungal Isolates

Biosorption and Bioaccumulation of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal-Resistant Fungal Isolates

Effects of heavy metals as stress factors on anaerobic digestion processes and biogas production from biomass

Water infiltration in urban soils and its effects on the quantity and quality of runoff

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