Histopathological observations on the activity of diclazuril (Vecoxan®) against the endogenous stages of Eimeria crandallis in sheep

Taylor, Mike; Catchpole, J.; Marshall, J. A.; Marshall, R.N.; Hoeben, Dagmar

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(03)00256-5

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…E. crandallis, found in 95.0% of the evaluated properties, also presents considerable pathogenic potential; in high infection (≥1.10 5 ), it is capable of causing intestinal microvilli destruction (GREGORY & CATCHIPOLE, 1990) and compromises regeneration of the mucous membrane, which causes irreversible changes to the animal's development (TAYLOR et al, 2003). Thus, the high infection intensity in young animals during the rainy season, coupled with the high prevalence of pathogenic species, show that eimeriosis is a potential risk for sheep raised under extensive systems in semiarid region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Eimeria infections in sheep raised extensively in a semiarid region of Brazil

Souza

Cruz

Neto³

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of this study was to identify and determine the prevalence of Eimeria species affecting sheep raised extensively in a semiarid region of Brazil. Fecal samples of native sheep were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. The degree of infection was determined by counting oocysts per gram (OPG) of feces, and the morphometric method was used for species identification. Oocysts were found in all the properties assessed, in which 68.3% of the animals were infected. The prevalence of oocysts was influenced by the season and animal category (P<0.05). It was higher during the rainy season than the dry season (80.2% vs. 55.8%) and highest in young animals than the adults animals (68.2% vs. 39.6%). The OPG was lower during the dry season (1,269 ± 312 vs. 4,400 ± 1,122). Ten species were found; of these, E. ovinoidalis, E. granulosa, E. faurei, and E. crandallis were the most frequent. E. ovinoidalis and E. crandallis were found in all properties, with their prevalences being 19.4% and 13.6% respectively. The high prevalence of pathogenic species shows that eimeriosis is a risk for animals raised extensively in the semiarid region.Keywords: Coccidiosis, morphometry, oocyts, OPG, parasitosis. ResumoObjetivou-se neste estudo identificar e determinar a prevalência de espécies de Eimeria que parasitam ovinos criados extensivamente em região semi-árida. Amostras de fezes de ovinos nativos foram coletados durante as estações chuvosa e seca. O grau de infecção foi determinado pela contagem de oocistos por grama de fezes (OoPG)e o método morfométrico foi utilizado para a identificação das espécies. Foram encontrados oocistos em todas os rebanhos avaliados e observou-se que 68,3% dos animais estavam infectados. A prevalência de oocistos foi influenciada pela estação climática e pela categoria dos animais (P<0,05), sendo mais alta durante a estação chuvosa em relação a estação seca (80,2% vs. 55,8%) e em animais jovens em relação aos animais adultos (68,2% vs. 39,6%). O OoPG foi menor durante a estação seca (1.269 ± 312 vs. 4.400 ± 1.122). Dez espécies foram encontradas sendo a E. ovinoidalis, E. granulosa, E. faurei, e E. crandallis as mais frequentes. E. ovinoidalis e E. crandallis foram encontrados em todas as propriedades, com prevalências de 19,4% e 13,6%, respectivamente. A alta prevalência de espécies patogênicas mostra que eimeriose é um risco para os animais criados extensivamente na região semiárida.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Eimeria infections in sheep raised extensively in a semiarid region of Brazil

Souza

Cruz

Neto³

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…For example, diclazuril is not effective against first-generation schizonts of Eimeria maxima and Eimeria brunetti (Maes et al 1989). It was shown in lambs infected experimentally with Eimeria crandallis that diclazuril administered at five times the recommended dose (5 mg diclazuril/kg BW) basically affects first-generation and, to a lesser extent, late meront stages and gamonts (Taylor et al 2003). The anticoccidial action against all stages is probably the reason for the comparatively better efficacy of toltrazuril in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Study of the Comparative Efficacy of Toltrazuril and Diclazuril against Ovine Coccidiosis in Housed Lambs

et al. 2009

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A blinded, controlled and randomised field study was conducted on a sheep farm with a known history of coccidiosis and a high prevalence mainly of the pathogenic coccidium Eimeria ovinoidalis. The efficacy of treatment with toltrazuril (Baycox 5% suspension) against natural infections with Eimeria crandallis and/or Eimeria ovinoidalis in housed lambs was investigated in comparison with diclazuril and untreated controls. Both drugs were administered either metaphylactically (i.e., in the prepatency of Eimeria spp.) or therapeutically (after onset of oocyst excretion). A total of 145 animals aged 1 to 5 days at the start of the study were included. Examination of faecal samples was performed every second day between days 13 and 49 of the study. The assessment of treatment efficacy was based mainly on total oocyst excretion and the number of E. crandallis and E. ovinoidalis oocysts (OPG) shed throughout the study. Oocyst excretion was reduced significantly in both groups treated with toltrazuril compared with the untreated control group and with both diclazuril-treated groups. The most prevalent and most severe diarrhoea was observed in the untreated control group. In this study, toltrazuril proved to be highly effective in controlling ovine coccidiosis both metaphylactically and therapeutically. The efficacy of toltrazuril was significantly higher than the efficacy of the control substance with regard to the duration and amount of oocyst excretion, both for the comparison of metaphylactic as well as therapeutic treatment.

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“…In lambs, treatment-specific effects at five times the recommended dose of diclazuril (5 mg diclazuril/kg BW) in experimental infections with E. crandallis were noted particularly with first-generation meronts and to some extent with gamonts (Taylor et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of toltrazuril (Baycox® 5% suspension) in natural infections with pathogenic Eimeria spp. in housed lambs

Sueur

Mage²,

Mundt

2008

Parasitol Res

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A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a single oral treatment with 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) of toltrazuril (Baycox 5% suspension)--TOL--in comparison to a single oral treatment with 1 mg/kg BW of diclazuril (Vecoxan suspension orale, 2.5 mg/ml)--DIC--and an untreated control group (CTRL) on naturally acquired Eimeria infections in lambs. On a French sheep farm with a known history of coccidiosis, 75 housed lambs aged 10-14 days were randomised and allocated to one of three groups. During an observation period of 60 days after treatment, clinical (faecal consistency, BW) and parasitological parameters (oocyst excretion) were evaluated. Excretion in the negative control group started 3 days after treatment and peaked on the 31st day with a prevalence of 80%. Animals were predominantly infected with Eimeria ovinoidalis. Treatment with toltrazuril, but not with diclazuril, resulted in significantly reduced numbers of excreting animals. The number of excretion days and the average oocyst excretion decreased significantly in both the TOL and the DIC groups compared to the CTRL, with the TOL group showing significantly fewer excretion days and excretion intensities than the DIC group. Changes in the faecal consistency were moderate throughout the study and not significantly different between the groups. Daily weight gains were higher in the TOL group compared to the DIC and CTRL groups which did not differ. This study demonstrates the good efficacy of toltrazuril administered orally to lambs in the prepatent period in subclinical natural Eimeria infections in housed lambs.

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Histopathological observations on the activity of diclazuril (Vecoxan®) against the endogenous stages of Eimeria crandallis in sheep

Cited by 41 publications

References 11 publications

Epidemiology of Eimeria infections in sheep raised extensively in a semiarid region of Brazil

Epidemiology of Eimeria infections in sheep raised extensively in a semiarid region of Brazil

Study of the Comparative Efficacy of Toltrazuril and Diclazuril against Ovine Coccidiosis in Housed Lambs

Efficacy of toltrazuril (Baycox® 5% suspension) in natural infections with pathogenic Eimeria spp. in housed lambs

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