Histopathological biomarking changes in the internal organs of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to heavy metals contamination from Dandaru pond, Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

The study assessed histopathological alterations in the organs of Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) and Clarias gariepinus (Catfish) harvested from Dandaru Pond, Ibadan, Nigeria. The histopathological effects were evaluated through biomarkings and heavy metals measurements of the fish organs and tissue. Results showed the kidney with sign of coagulated necrosis of the renal tubules. In the liver, there were hepatocytes which appeared foamy and contained large-sized vacuoles. The gills appeared with some congestion in their capillaries in addition to numerous bluish staining walled-off structures. There was severe thinning of the myocardial fibres in the fish heart. The chambers were moderately congested. The fish organs contained 0.06-0.90 µg/g lead. The Pb concentrations and those of manganese and iron exceeded the WHO permissible limit in fish. It is conclusive that the bioaccumulated heavy metals in the tissue and fish organs consequently impaired their histopathological condition, and thus affect fish health status.

Histopathological analysis of selected organs of Oreochromis niloticus due to sub-lethal industrial effluents exposure

“…In laboratory and field research, histopathological changes have been used as indicators in monitoring the fish health exposed to toxicants. Changes in these organs are frequently simpler to detect than functional changes, and they serve as early warning signs of animal illness (10).…”

Sublethal toxicity of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the growth parameters of Xenopus laevis tadpoles (Daudin, 1802)

“…Among the pollutants, heavy metals are the main culprits [7] , resulting from intensive agricultural operations and industrial activities, because of their ubiquitous presence, non-biodegradability, and persistency [8] . These heavy metals constantly challenge the ecological balance of the recipient water body, diversity of aquatic fauna [9] . Among the heavy metals, Cadmium (Cd) poisoning has been globally reported causing detrimental health issues with severe toxic effects on certain physiological systems [10] .…”

Prevalence, Morpho-Histopathological Identification, Clinical Picture, and the Role of Lernanthropus kroyeri to Alleviate the Zinc Toxicity in Moron labrax

“…Pollution with heavy metals or toxic pollutants in the aquatic ecosystem is a global problem with potential concern as that negatively affects sh health-inducing physiological, biochemical, molecular, and histopathological alterations for sh (Mbeh et al 2019;Abiona et al 2019;Abu Zeid et al, 2021).…”