Histopathological and Biochemical Effects of Acute &amp; Chronic Tramadol drug Toxicity on Liver, Kidney and Testicular Function in Adult Male Albino Rats

S, Heba Youssef; Hm, Zidan Azza

doi:10.15406/frcij.2016.02.00060

Cited by 18 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Other observation in the current study is MNCs infiltration in the renal cortex around degenerating tubules giving a picture of interstitial nephritis, this finding is in agreement with previous studies 9,10,15 , and this finding in addition to the other findings can be reflected as a sign of renal damage as described by Muslim Z, 2018 16 while is in conflicts with this finding by Zaghlol et al, 2018 11 and Ali et al, 2018 17 and this might be due to small dose or small dose plus short period, respectively. The hyaline cast seen within the degenerating tubules is another finding in the present study which ascribed to the solidification of Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein, that secreted by the renal tubular cells.…”

supporting

confidence: 94%

“…50mg/kg b.wt produced the same degree of degeneration after treating animal for only two weeks as reported by Hafez et al,2015. 14 Also such tubular epithelial injuries induced by tramadol was reported by many studies. [9][10][11] The mechanism of tubular damage of the renal tubules is particularly due to sensitivity of renal tubules to toxic effects, in part since they have high consumption of O 2 and weak enzyme system. 13 On the other hand a study done by Atici et al, 2005 15 indicated that the risk of increased level of lipid peroxidation and renal damage after prolonged use of opioids, particularly morphine in the rat's kidney.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Vitamin C on the Structural Changes of Male Albino Rats Kidney Induced by Tramadol

Ahmad¹,

AL-Hubaity²,

Alazow³

2019

Ann Coll Med Mosul

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Aim of study: The aim of this work is to detect the toxic effects of tramadol on the microscopic structure of the kidneys of adult male albino rats, and the possible protective role of vitamin C against these toxic effects. Method: Thirty adult albino rats are used in this study. The animals were divided into three equal groups: Group A (control group): Animals were injected daily with normal saline for 4 weeks. Group B (Tramadol treated group) (TGI): Animals were injected daily with tramadol in a dose of 50mg/kg b.wt for 4 weeks. Group C (group treated with tramadol+vitamin C) (TGII): Animals were injected with vitamin C in a dose 100mg/Kg/b.wt half hour prior to tramadol injection in the same dose as in group B for 4 weeks. The injection was given intraperitoneally for all animals. At the end of the experiments, the rats were anaesthetized by ether, then killed. After that kidneys removed, fixed in formaldehyde and processed for microscopic examination. Result: Tramadol causes shrinkage of renal glomeruli with widening of bowman's space. Renal tubules showed hydropic degeneration and vacuolization of their epithelial cells. Infiltration of mononuclear cells along with Hyaline cast is seen within the degenerated tubules. Giving vitamin C prior to tramadol injection results in improvement in the microscopical structure of kidney mainly in glomeruli and tubules. Conclusion: Using tramadol caused damage to renal glomeruli and tubules in renal cortex. The addition of vitamin C partially improved the histological structure of kidney.

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supporting

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin C on the Structural Changes of Male Albino Rats Kidney Induced by Tramadol

Ahmad¹,

AL-Hubaity²,

Alazow³

2019

Ann Coll Med Mosul

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“…48 - 50 On the contrary, levels of AST, ALP, ALT, TB, CB and MDA were increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas SOD, CAT and GSH levels were decreased significantly (p<0.05) in TD-treated rats in comparison to control ( Table 3 - 5 ).Similar observations have been reported in previous studies. 51 , 52 The microscopic examination of the liver of NAC and MT-treated rats showed normal architecture; however, the liver of TD- treated rats showed necrosis of hepatocytes ( Figure 1 - 4 ). The observed histological alterations in the liver of TD-treated rats are in conjunction with earlier findings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Melatonin and N- Acetylcysteine as Remedies for Tramadol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats

Adikwu¹,

Bokolo²

2017

Adv Pharm Bull

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Purpose: The therapeutic benefit derived from the clinical use of tramadol (TD) has been characterized by hepatotoxicity due to misuse and abuse. The implications of drug-induced hepatotoxicity include socio-economic burden which makes the search for remedy highly imperative. The present study investigated the protective effects of melatonin (MT) and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) on TD-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Methods: Forty five adult rats used for this study were divided into nine groups of five rats each. The rats were pretreated with 10mg/kg/day of NAC, 10mg/kg/day of MT and combined doses of NAC and MT prior to the administration of 15 mg/kg/day of TD intraperitoneally for 7 days respectively. At the termination of drug administration, rats were weighed, sacrificed, and serum was extracted and evaluated for liver function parameters. The liver was harvested, weighed and evaluated for oxidative stress indices and liver enzymes. Results: Alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly (P<0.05) increased in rats administered with TD when compared to control. Furthermore, glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase levels were decreased significantly (P<0.05) in rats administered with TD when compared to control. The Liver of TD-treated rats showed necrosis of hepatocytes. However, the observed biochemical and liver histological alterations in TD-treated rats were attenuated in NAC and MT pretreated rats. Interestingly, pretreatment with combined doses of NAC and MT produced significant (P<0.05) effects on all evaluated parameters in comparison to their individual doses. Conclusion: Based on the findings in this study, melatonin and n- acetylcysteine could be used clinically as remedies for tramadol associated hepatotoxity.

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“…Tramadol is one of the opioid drugs that is extensively used as a pain-killer for chronic pain and cancers [10]. However, multiple tissue toxicities were reported for patients consuming tramadol medication several times a day [13][14][15][16][17]. Since tramadol like other opioids induces oxidative stress which alters cell structure causing apoptosis [21][22][23][24][25], the pomegranate was used in the current study as a protective agent based on its antioxidant activity [34,35,48,49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tramadol is used to reduce pain resulted from posttraumatic, obstetric, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, renal, biliary colic, and neuropathic pain [12]. However, multiple tissue toxicities were reported when tramadol was administrated [13][14][15][16][17], especially for patients consuming tramadol medication several times daily to relieve chronic pain. We and others have shown that tramadol induces testicular toxicity in adults [5,9,[18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pomegranate Seeds Extract Possesses a Protective Effect against Tramadol-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Experimental Rats

Minisy

Shawki

Omri

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid analgesic that is extensively used. The chronic exposure to tramadol induces oxidative stress and toxicity especially for patients consuming it several times a day. Previously, we and others reported that tramadol induces testicular damage in rats. This study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effect of pomegranate seed extract (PgSE) against tramadol-induced testicular damage in adult and adolescent rats. Male rats were orally treated with tramadol or in a combination with PgSE for three weeks. Testes were then dissected and analyzed. Histological and ultrastructural examinations indicated that tramadol induced many structural changes in the testes of adult and adolescent rats including hemorrhage of blood vessels, intercellular spaces, interstitial vacuoles, exfoliation of germ cells in lumen, cell apoptosis, chromatin degeneration of elongated spermatids, and malformation of sperm axonemes. Interestingly, these abnormalities were not observed in tramadol/PgSE cotreated rats. The morphometric analysis revealed that tramadol disrupted collagen metabolism by elevating testicular levels of collagen fibers but that was protected in tramadol/PgSE cotreatment at both ages. In addition, DNA ploidy revealed that S phase of the cell cycle was diminished when adult and adolescent rats were treated with tramadol. However, the S phase had a normal cell population in the cotreated adult rats, but adolescent rats had a lower population than controls. Furthermore, the phytochemistry of PgSE revealed a high content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids within this extract; besides, the DPPH free radical scavenging activity was high. In conclusion, this study indicated that PgSE has a prophylactic effect against tramadol-induced testicular damage in both adult and adolescent ages, although the tramadol toxicity was higher in adolescent age to be completely protected. This prophylactic effect might be due to the high antioxidant compounds within the pomegranate seeds.

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Histopathological and Biochemical Effects of Acute & Chronic Tramadol drug Toxicity on Liver, Kidney and Testicular Function in Adult Male Albino Rats

Cited by 18 publications

References 26 publications

The Role of Vitamin C on the Structural Changes of Male Albino Rats Kidney Induced by Tramadol

The Role of Vitamin C on the Structural Changes of Male Albino Rats Kidney Induced by Tramadol

Melatonin and N- Acetylcysteine as Remedies for Tramadol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Albino Rats

Pomegranate Seeds Extract Possesses a Protective Effect against Tramadol-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Experimental Rats

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